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perltoc (1)
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    NAME

    perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
     
    

    DESCRIPTION

    This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped through to locate the proper section you're looking for.  

    BASIC DOCUMENTATION

     

    perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language

    SYNOPSIS
    Overview
    Tutorials
    Reference Manual
    Internals and C Language Interface
    Miscellaneous
    Language-Specific
    Platform-Specific
    DESCRIPTION
    AVAILABILITY
    ENVIRONMENT
    AUTHOR
    FILES
    SEE ALSO
    DIAGNOSTICS
    BUGS
    NOTES
     

    perlintro --- a brief introduction and overview of Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    What is Perl?
    Running Perl programs
    Basic syntax overview
    Perl variable types
    Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
    Variable scoping
    Conditional and looping constructs
    if, while, for, foreach
    Builtin operators and functions
    Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, Miscellaneous
    Files and I/O
    Regular expressions
    Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
    Writing subroutines
    OO Perl
    Using Perl modules
    AUTHOR
     

    perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references

    DESCRIPTION
    Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
    The Solution
    Syntax
    Making References
    Using References
    An Example
    Arrow Rule
    Solution
    The Rest
    Summary
    Credits
    Distribution Conditions
     

    perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

    DESCRIPTION
    arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, more elaborate constructs
    REFERENCES
    COMMON MISTAKES
    CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
    WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS use strict
    DEBUGGING
    CODE EXAMPLES
    ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
    Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
    Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
    Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
    HASHES OF ARRAYS
    Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
    Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
    Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
    ARRAYS OF HASHES
    Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
    Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
    Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
    HASHES OF HASHES
    Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
    Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
    Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
    MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
    Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
    Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
    Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
    Database Ties
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
    Growing Your Own
    Access and Printing
    Slices
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start

    DESCRIPTION
    The Guide
    Simple word matching
    Using character classes
    Matching this or that
    Grouping things and hierarchical matching
    Extracting matches
    Matching repetitions
    More matching
    Search and replace
    The split operator
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
    Acknowledgments
     

    perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial

    DESCRIPTION
    Part 1: The basics
    Simple word matching
    Using character classes
    Matching this or that
    Grouping things and hierarchical matching
    Extracting matches
    Matching repetitions
    Building a regexp
    Using regular expressions in Perl
    Part 2: Power tools
    More on characters, strings, and character classes
    Compiling and saving regular expressions
    Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
    Non-capturing groupings
    Looking ahead and looking behind
    Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
    Conditional expressions
    A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
    Pragmas and debugging
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
    Acknowledgments
     

    perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial

    DESCRIPTION
    If we could talk to the animals...
    Introducing the method invocation arrow
    Invoking a barnyard
    The extra parameter of method invocation
    Calling a second method to simplify things
    Inheriting the windpipes
    A few notes about @ISA
    Overriding the methods
    Starting the search from a different place
    The SUPER way of doing things
    Where we're at so far...
    A horse is a horse, of course of course --- or is it?
    Invoking an instance method
    Accessing the instance data
    How to build a horse
    Inheriting the constructor
    Making a method work with either classes or instances
    Adding parameters to a method
    More interesting instances
    A horse of a different color
    Summary
    SEE ALSO
    COPYRIGHT
     

    perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Creating a Class
    Object Representation
    Class Interface
    Constructors and Instance Methods
    Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
    Destructors
    Other Object Methods
    Class Data
    Accessing Class Data
    Debugging Methods
    Class Destructors
    Documenting the Interface
    Aggregation
    Inheritance
    Overridden Methods
    Multiple Inheritance
    UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
    Alternate Object Representations
    Arrays as Objects
    Closures as Objects
    AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
    Autoloaded Data Methods
    Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
    Metaclassical Tools
    Class::Struct
    Data Members as Variables
    NOTES
    Object Terminology
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
    COPYRIGHT
    Acknowledgments
     

    perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Class Data in a Can
    Class Data as Package Variables
    Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
    Inheritance Concerns
    The Eponymous Meta-Object
    Indirect References to Class Data
    Monadic Classes
    Translucent Attributes
    Class Data as Lexical Variables
    Privacy and Responsibility
    File-Scoped Lexicals
    More Inheritance Concerns
    Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
    Translucency Revisited
    NOTES
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    HISTORY
     

    perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)

    DESCRIPTION
    OO SCALING TIPS
    INSTANCE VARIABLES
    SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
    INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
    OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
    OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
    USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
    THINKING OF CODE REUSE
    CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
    INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
    DELEGATION
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlstyle - Perl style guide

    DESCRIPTION
     

    perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

    DESCRIPTION
    The sheet
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

    DESCRIPTION
    Awk Traps
    C/C++ Traps
    Sed Traps
    Shell Traps
    Perl Traps
    Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
    Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
    Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
    Symbols starting with ``_'' no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to "splice()" are now in scalar context, Can't do "goto" into a block that is optimized away, Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, "while/if BLOCK BLOCK" gone, "**" binds tighter than unary minus, "foreach" changed when iterating over a list, "split" with no args behavior changed, -e behavior fixed, "push" returns number of elements in resulting list, Some error messages differ, "split()" honors subroutine args, Bugs removed
    Parsing Traps
    Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5, Function parsing, String interpolation of $#array differs, Perl guesses on "map", "grep" followed by "{" if it starts BLOCK or hash ref
    Numerical Traps
    Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops
    General data type traps
    Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting $#array lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning "undef" to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of constants prohibited, "defined $var" behavior changed, Variable Suicide
    Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
    Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context, "caller()" returns false value in scalar context if no caller present, Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, "sprintf()" prototyped as "($;@)"
    Precedence Traps
    LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of assignment, "open" requires parentheses around filehandle, $: precedence over $:: gone, Precedence of file test operators documented, "keys", "each", "values" are regular named unary operators
    General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
    "s'$lhs'$rhs'" interpolates on either side, "m//g" attaches its state to the searched string, "m//o" used within an anonymous sub, $+ isn't set to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails, "s`lhs`rhs`" is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables in regular expressions, "m?x?" matches only once, Failed matches don't reset the match variables
    Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
    Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls, Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, "warn()" won't let you specify a filehandle
    OS Traps
    SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV "seek()" appends correctly
    Interpolation Traps
    "@" always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are evaluated inside braces within double quotes, $$x now tries to dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with "eval "EXPR"" requires protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during interpolation, Interpolation of "\$$foo{bar}", "qq()" string passed to "eval" will not find string terminator
    DBM Traps
    Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for "dbmopen()", DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to exit immediately
    Unclassified Traps
    "require"/"do" trap using returned value, "split" on empty string with LIMIT specified
     

    perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial

    DESCRIPTION
    use strict
    Looking at data and -w and v
    help
    Stepping through code
    Placeholder for a, w, t, T
    REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
    OUTPUT TIPS
    CGI
    GUIs
    SUMMARY
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
    CONTRIBUTORS
     

    perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2005/12/30 15:04:07 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    Where to get the perlfaq
    How to contribute to the perlfaq
    What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the authors
    Credits
    Author and Copyright Information
    Bundled Distributions
    Disclaimer
    Table of Contents
    perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
    The Questions
    perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
    perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
    perlfaq3: Programming Tools
    perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
    perlfaq5: Files and Formats
    perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
    perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
    perlfaq8: System Interaction
    perlfaq9: Networking
     

    perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.19 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    What is Perl?
    Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
    Which version of Perl should I use?
    What are perl4, perl5, or perl6?
    What is Ponie?
    What is perl6?
    How stable is Perl?
    Is Perl difficult to learn?
    How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?
    Can I do [task] in Perl?
    When shouldn't I program in Perl?
    What's the difference between perl and Perl?
    Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
    What is a JAPH?
    Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
    How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    What machines support perl? Where do I get it?
    How can I get a binary version of perl?
    I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
    I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.
    I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
    What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?
    Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
    Where can I get information on Perl?
    What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
    Where should I post source code?
    Perl Books
    References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
    Perl in Magazines
    Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
    What mailing lists are there for Perl?
    Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
    Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?
    Where do I send bug reports?
    What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.56 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    How do I do (anything)?
    How can I use Perl interactively?
    Is there a Perl shell?
    How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
    How do I debug my Perl programs?
    How do I profile my Perl programs?
    How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
    Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
    Is there a ctags for Perl?
    Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
    Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite
    Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
    Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
    How can I use curses with Perl?
    How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
    How can I make my Perl program run faster?
    How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
    Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
    Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
    How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
    How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
    How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
    How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
    How can I compile Perl into Java?
    How can I get #!perl to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
    Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
    Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
    Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
    Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
    Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
    I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program; what am I doing wrong?
    When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
    What's MakeMaker?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.73 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    Data: Numbers
    Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
    Why is int() broken?
    Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
    Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?
    How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
    How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to binary
    Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
    How do I multiply matrices?
    How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
    How can I output Roman numerals?
    Why aren't my random numbers random?
    How do I get a random number between X and Y?
    Data: Dates
    How do I find the day or week of the year?
    How do I find the current century or millennium?
    How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
    How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
    How can I find the Julian Day?
    How do I find yesterday's date?
    Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
    Data: Strings
    How do I validate input?
    How do I unescape a string?
    How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
    How do I expand function calls in a string?
    How do I find matching/nesting anything?
    How do I reverse a string?
    How do I expand tabs in a string?
    How do I reformat a paragraph?
    How can I access or change N characters of a string?
    How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
    How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?
    How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
    How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside [character]?
    How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
    How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
    How do I extract selected columns from a string?
    How do I find the soundex value of a string?
    How can I expand variables in text strings?
    What's wrong with always quoting $vars?
    Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
    There must be no space after the << part, There (probably) should be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of the tag
    Data: Arrays
    What is the difference between a list and an array?
    What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
    How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
    How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array?
    How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays?
    How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
    How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
    How do I handle linked lists?
    How do I handle circular lists?
    How do I shuffle an array randomly?
    How do I process/modify each element of an array?
    How do I select a random element from an array?
    How do I permute N elements of a list?
    How do I sort an array by (anything)?
    How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
    Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
    Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
    How do I process an entire hash?
    What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?
    How do I look up a hash element by value?
    How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
    How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
    How can I always keep my hash sorted?
    What's the difference between delete and undef with hashes?
    Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
    How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
    How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
    How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
    How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
    Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?
    How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?
    How can I use a reference as a hash key?
    Data: Misc
    How do I handle binary data correctly?
    How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
    How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
    How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
    How do I define methods for every class/object?
    How do I verify a credit card checksum?
    How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.42 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
    How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
    How do I count the number of lines in a file?
    How can I use Perl's -i option from within a program?
    How can I copy a file?
    How do I make a temporary file name?
    How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
    How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
    How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
    How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
    How can I write() into a string?
    How can I output my numbers with commas added?
    How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
    How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
    Why do I sometimes get an Argument list too long when I use <*>?
    Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
    How can I open a file with a leading > or trailing blanks?
    How can I reliably rename a file?
    How can I lock a file?
    Why can't I just open(FH, >file.lock)?
    I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?
    All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still have to use locking?
    How do I randomly update a binary file?
    How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
    How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
    How do I print to more than one file at once?
    How can I read in an entire file all at once?
    How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
    How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
    How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
    How do I do a tail -f in perl?
    How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
    How do I close a file descriptor by number?
    Why can't I use C:\temp\foo in DOS paths? Why doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
    Why doesn't glob(*.*) get all the files?
    Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
    How do I select a random line from a file?
    Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code?
    Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
    I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
    How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?
    I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
    How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS?
    How can I make \w match national character sets?
    How can I match a locale-smart version of /[a-zA-Z]/?
    How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
    What is /o really for?
    How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?
    Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
    What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
    How do I process each word on each line?
    How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
    How can I do approximate matching?
    How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
    Why don't word-boundary searches with \b work for me?
    Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
    What good is \G in a regular expression?
    Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
    What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
    How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
    How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
    What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?
    Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?
    How do I skip some return values?
    How do I temporarily block warnings?
    What's an extension?
    Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
    How do I declare/create a structure?
    How do I create a module?
    How do I create a class?
    How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
    What's a closure?
    What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
    How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?
    Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, Passing Methods
    How do I create a static variable?
    What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()?
    How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?
    What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
    Why doesn't my($foo) = <FILE>; work right?
    How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
    What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
    How do I create a switch or case statement?
    How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or methods?
    Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
    How can I find out my current package?
    How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
    How do I clear a package?
    How can I use a variable as a variable name?
    What does bad interpreter mean?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
    How come exec() doesn't return?
    How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
    Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
    How do I print something out in color?
    How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
    How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
    How do I clear the screen?
    How do I get the screen size?
    How do I ask the user for a password?
    How do I read and write the serial port?
    lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
    How do I decode encrypted password files?
    How do I start a process in the background?
    STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
    How do I trap control characters/signals?
    How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
    How do I set the time and date?
    How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
    How can I measure time under a second?
    How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
    Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message Protocol not supported mean?
    How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
    Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
    Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
    How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
    Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
    How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
    Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
    What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
    How can I call backticks without shell processing?
    Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
    How can I convert my shell script to perl?
    Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
    How can I write expect in Perl?
    Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as ps?
    I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script.   How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?
    Unix
    How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?
    How do I fork a daemon process?
    How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
    How do I timeout a slow event?
    How do I set CPU limits?
    How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
    How do I use an SQL database?
    How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
    How do I open a file without blocking?
    How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
    How do I install a module from CPAN?
    What's the difference between require and use?
    How do I keep my own module/library directory?
    How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?
    How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
    What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

    DESCRIPTION
    What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
    My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error)
    How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
    How do I remove HTML from a string?
    How do I extract URLs?
    How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on another machine?
    How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
    How do I fetch an HTML file?
    How do I automate an HTML form submission?
    How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
    How do I redirect to another page?
    How do I put a password on my web pages?
    How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
    How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?
    How do I parse a mail header?
    How do I decode a CGI form?
    How do I check a valid mail address?
    How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
    How do I return the user's mail address?
    How do I send mail?
    How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
    How do I read mail?
    How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
    gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname"
    How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
    How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
    How can I do RPC in Perl?
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlsyn - Perl syntax

    DESCRIPTION
    Declarations
    Comments
    Simple Statements
    Truth and Falsehood
    Statement Modifiers
    Compound Statements
    Loop Control
    For Loops
    Foreach Loops
    Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
    Goto
    PODs: Embedded Documentation
    Plain Old Comments (Not!)
     

    perldata - Perl data types

    DESCRIPTION
    Variable names
    Context
    Scalar values
    Scalar value constructors
    List value constructors
    Subscripts
    Slices
    Typeglobs and Filehandles
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlop - Perl operators and precedence

    DESCRIPTION
    Operator Precedence and Associativity
    Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
    The Arrow Operator
    Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
    Exponentiation
    Symbolic Unary Operators
    Binding Operators
    Multiplicative Operators
    Additive Operators
    Shift Operators
    Named Unary Operators
    Relational Operators
    Equality Operators
    Bitwise And
    Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
    C-style Logical And
    C-style Logical Or
    Range Operators
    Conditional Operator
    Assignment Operators
    Comma Operator
    List Operators (Rightward)
    Logical Not
    Logical And
    Logical or and Exclusive Or
    err operator, logical, defined or operator, logical, exclusive or or xor err"
    C Operators Missing From Perl
    unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
    Quote and Quote-like Operators
    Regexp Quote-Like Operators
    ?PATTERN? , m/PATTERN/cgimosx
     , /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/    , 'STRING', qq/STRING/ , ``STRING'', qr/STRING/imosx , qx/STRING/
     , `STRING`, qw/STRING/   , s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx  
          
      , tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds  
       , y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF options regexp regex, options regex c i m o s x q quote, double ' '' qq quote, double "" """" qr i m o s x qx ` `` backtick qw quote, list quote, words substitute substitution replace regexp, replace regexp, substitute e g i m o s x tr y transliterate c d s here-doc heredoc here-document <<"
    Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
    Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation , "<<'EOF'", "m''", "s'''", "tr///", "y///", '', "q//", "", ``, "qq//", "qx//", "<file*glob>", "?RE?", "/RE/", "m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, Interpolation of regular expressions , Optimization of regular expressions optimization"
    I/O Operators
    Constant Folding
    No-ops
    Bitwise String Operators
    Integer Arithmetic
    Floating-point Arithmetic
    Bigger Numbers
     

    perlsub - Perl subroutines

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Private Variables via my()
    Persistent Private Variables
    Temporary Values via local()
    Lvalue subroutines
    Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
    Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
    When to Still Use local()
    Pass by Reference
    Prototypes
    Constant Functions
    Overriding Built-in Functions
    Autoloading
    Subroutine Attributes
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

    DESCRIPTION
    Perl Functions by Category
    Functions for SCALARs or strings , Regular expressions and pattern matching , Numeric functions , Functions for real @ARRAYs , Functions for list data , Functions for real %HASHes , Input and output functions
      , Functions for fixed length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories
       , Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program , Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process groups
      , Keywords related to perl modules , Keywords related to classes and object-orientedness
     , Low-level socket functions  , System V interprocess communication functions
      , Fetching user and group info 
          , Fetching network info , Time-related functions , Functions new in perl5 , Functions obsoleted in perl5
    Portability
    Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
    -X FILEHANDLE

    , -X EXPR, -X, abs VALUE , abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET , alarm SECONDS , alarm, atan2 Y,X
       , bind SOCKET,NAME , binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER , binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME , bless REF, caller EXPR
      , caller, chdir EXPR  , chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST , chomp VARIABLE , chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE , chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST , chr NUMBER
      , chr, chroot FILENAME  , chroot, close FILEHANDLE , close, closedir DIRHANDLE , connect SOCKET,NAME , continue BLOCK , cos EXPR
      , cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT 
         
     , dbmclose HASH , dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK , defined EXPR
      , defined, delete EXPR , die LIST
         , do BLOCK  , do SUBROUTINE(LIST) , do EXPR , dump LABEL
     , dump, each HASH  , eof FILEHANDLE , eof (), eof, eval EXPR
         , eval BLOCK, eval, exec LIST , exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR , exit EXPR , exit, exp EXPR , exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , fileno FILEHANDLE , flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION , fork , format , formline PICTURE,LIST , getc FILEHANDLE , getc, getlogin , getpeername SOCKET , getpgrp PID , getppid , getpriority WHICH,WHO
     , getpwnam NAME   
        
       
        
        
        
      , getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET , getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME , glob EXPR
     , glob, gmtime EXPR   , gmtime, goto LABEL , goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST , grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR , hex, import LIST , index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
      , index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR  
     , int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , join EXPR,LIST , keys HASH , kill SIGNAL, LIST , last LABEL , last, lc EXPR , lc, lcfirst EXPR , lcfirst, length EXPR , length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE , listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE , local EXPR , localtime EXPR , localtime, lock THING , log EXPR , log, lstat EXPR , lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST , map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK , mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG , msgget KEY,FLAGS , msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS , msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS , my EXPR , my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL
     , next, no Module VERSION LIST , no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct EXPR
     , oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR    , open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR , ord EXPR , ord, our EXPR , our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST , package NAMESPACE , package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE , pop ARRAY , pop, pos SCALAR
     , pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST , print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST , printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION , push ARRAY,LIST , , q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR
     , quotemeta, rand EXPR  , rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE , readline EXPR
      , readlink EXPR , readlink, readpipe EXPR , recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS , redo LABEL , redo, ref EXPR , ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME
       , require VERSION , require EXPR, require, reset EXPR , reset, return EXPR , return, reverse LIST , rewinddir DIRHANDLE , rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME
     , rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR  , seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS , select FILEHANDLE , select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT , semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG , semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS , semop KEY,OPSTRING , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP , setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY , setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL , shift ARRAY , shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG , shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS , shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE , shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW , sin EXPR , sin, sleep EXPR , sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , sort SUBNAME LIST
       , sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST , splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT , split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST , format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum width , size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR , sqrt, srand EXPR , srand, stat FILEHANDLE , stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR , study, sub NAME BLOCK , sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT , substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE , syscall NUMBER, LIST , sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE , sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , system LIST , system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE , tell, telldir DIRHANDLE , tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST , tied VARIABLE , time , times , tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH , truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR , uc, ucfirst EXPR , ucfirst, umask EXPR , umask, undef EXPR , undef, unlink LIST , unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR , untie VARIABLE , unshift ARRAY,LIST , use Module VERSION LIST , use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST , values HASH , vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS
     , wait , waitpid PID,FLAGS , wantarray
     , warn LIST   , write FILEHANDLE , write EXPR, write, y/// default select semctl semget semop send setpgrp group setpriority priority nice renice setsockopt shift shmctl shmget shmread shmwrite shutdown sin sine asin arcsine sleep pause socket socketpair sort qsort quicksort mergesort splice split sprintf precision sqrt root square root srand seed randseed stat file, status study sub substr substring mid left right symlink link symbolic link link, symbolic syscall system call sysopen sysread sysseek lseek system shell syswrite tell telldir tie tied time epoch times truncate uc uppercase toupper ucfirst uppercase umask undef undefine unlink delete remove rm unpack untie unshift use module import utime values vec bit bit vector wait waitpid wantarray context warn warning STDERR write"

     

    perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Open A la shell
    Simple Opens
    Indirect Filehandles
    Pipe Opens
    The Minus File
    Mixing Reads and Writes
    Filters
    Open A la C
    Permissions A la mode
    Obscure Open Tricks
    Re-Opening Files (dups)
    Dispelling the Dweomer
    Paths as Opens
    Single Argument Open
    Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
    Other I/O Issues
    Opening Non-File Files
    Opening Named Pipes
    Opening Sockets
    Binary Files
    File Locking
    IO Layers
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
    HISTORY
     

    perlpacktut - tutorial on pack and unpack

    DESCRIPTION
    The Basic Principle
    Packing Text
    Packing Numbers
    Integers
    Unpacking a Stack Frame
    How to Eat an Egg on a Net
    Floating point Numbers
    Exotic Templates
    Bit Strings
    Uuencoding
    Doing Sums
    Unicode
    Another Portable Binary Encoding
    Template Grouping
    Lengths and Widths
    String Lengths
    Dynamic Templates
    Counting Repetitions
    Packing and Unpacking C Structures
    The Alignment Pit
    Alignment, Take 2
    Alignment, Take 3
    Pointers for How to Use Them
    Pack Recipes
    Funnies Section
    Authors
     

    perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format

    DESCRIPTION
    Ordinary Paragraph
    Verbatim Paragraph
    Command Paragraph
    "=head1 Heading Text"
      , "=head2 Heading Text""=head3 Heading Text", "=head4 Heading Text", "=over indentlevel"
        , "=item stuff...""=back", "=cut" , "=pod" , "=begin formatname"
         , "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"
    Formatting Codes
    "I<text>" --- italic text , "B<text>" --- bold text
     , "C<code>" --- code text 
      , "L<name>" --- a hyperlink , "E<escape>" --- a character escape
     , "F<filename>" --- used for filenames , "S<text>" --- text contains non-breaking spaces
       , "X<topic name>" --- an index entry  
     , "Z<>" --- a null (zero-effect) formatting code code, italic italic B B<> POD, formatting code, bold bold C C<> POD, formatting code, code code L L<> POD, formatting code, hyperlink hyperlink E E<> POD, formatting code, escape escape F F<> POD, formatting code, filename filename S S<> POD, formatting code, non-breaking space non-breaking space X X<> POD, formatting code, index entry index entry Z Z<> POD, formatting code, null null"
    The Intent
    Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
    Hints for Writing Pod

     
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes

    DESCRIPTION
    Pod Definitions
    Pod Commands
    ``=head1'', ``=head2'', ``=head3'', ``=head4'', ``=pod'', ``=cut'', ``=over'', ``=item'', ``=back'', ``=begin formatname'', ``=end formatname'', ``=for formatname text...'', ``=encoding encodingname''
    Pod Formatting Codes
    "I<text>" --- italic text, "B<text>" --- bold text, "C<code>" --- code text, "F<filename>" --- style for filenames, "X<topic name>" --- an index entry, "Z<>" --- a null (zero-effect) formatting code, "L<name>" --- a hyperlink, "E<escape>" --- a character escape, "S<text>" --- text contains non-breaking spaces
    Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
    About L<...> Codes
    First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
    About =over...=back Regions
    About Data Paragraphs and =begin/=end Regions
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
    OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
    Location of Perl
    Command Switches
    -0[octal/hexadecimal] , -a , -C [number/list] , -c , -d , -dt, -d:foo[=bar,baz] , -dt:foo[=bar,baz], -Dletters , -Dnumber, -e commandline , -f , -Fpattern , -h , -i[extension] , -Idirectory , -l[octnum] , -m[-]module , -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...', -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -P , -s , -S , -t , -T , -u , -U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W , -X , -x , -x directory
    ENVIRONMENT
    HOME , LOGDIR , PATH , PERL5LIB , PERL5OPT , PERLIO , :bytes , :crlf , :mmap , :perlio , :pop , :raw , :stdio , :unix , :utf8 , :win32 , PERLIO_DEBUG , PERLLIB , PERL5DB , PERL5DB_THREADED , PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS , PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL , PERL_DL_NONLAZY , PERL_ENCODING , PERL_HASH_SEED , PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG , PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port) , PERL_SIGNALS , PERL_UNICODE , SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
     

    perldiag - various Perl diagnostics

    DESCRIPTION
     

    perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

    DESCRIPTION
    Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
    What's wrong with -w and $^W
    Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
    -w , -W , -X
    Backward Compatibility
    Category Hierarchy
    Fatal Warnings
    Reporting Warnings from a Module
    TODO
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    perldebug - Perl debugging

    DESCRIPTION
    The Perl Debugger
    Debugger Commands
    h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg [vars]] , X [vars] , y [level [vars]] , T , s [expr] , n [expr] , r , <CR>, c [line|sub] , l , l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/, ?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t , t expr , b , b [line] [condition] , b subname [condition] , b postpone subname [condition] , b load filename , b compile subname
     , B line  , B *  , a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr , W expr , W * , o , o booloption ... , o anyoption? ... , o option=value ... , < ? , < [ command ] , < * , << command , > ? , > command , > * , >> command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{ command , ! number , ! -number , ! pattern , !! cmd , source file , H -number , q or ^D
     , R , |dbcmd , ||dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man [manpage] command, V debugger command, X debugger command, y debugger command, T backtrace stack, backtrace debugger command, s step debugger command, n debugger command, r debugger command, c debugger command, l debugger command, - debugger command, v debugger command, . debugger command, f debugger command, L debugger command, S debugger command, t debugger command, t breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, B breakpoint debugger command, B debugger command, a debugger command, A debugger command, A debugger command, w debugger command, W debugger command, W debugger command, o debugger command, o debugger command, o debugger command, o debugger command, < debugger command, < debugger command, < debugger command, << debugger command, > debugger command, > debugger command, > debugger command, >> debugger command, { debugger command, { debugger command, {{ debugger command, ! debugger command, ! debugger command, ! debugger command, !! debugger command, source debugger command, H debugger command, q debugger command, ^D debugger command, R debugger command, | debugger command, || debugger command, m debugger command, M debugger command, man"
    Configurable Options
    "recallCommand", "ShellBang" , "pager" , "tkRunning" , "signalLevel", "warnLevel", "dieLevel"
      , "AutoTrace" , "LineInfo" , "inhibit_exit" , "PrintRet" , "ornaments" , "frame" , "maxTraceLen" , "windowSize" , "arrayDepth", "hashDepth" , "dumpDepth" , "compactDump", "veryCompact" , "globPrint" , "DumpDBFiles" , "DumpPackages" , "DumpReused" , "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint"
     , "UsageOnly" , "TTY" , "noTTY" , "ReadLine" , "NonStop" option, ShellBang debugger option, pager debugger option, tkRunning debugger option, signalLevel debugger option, warnLevel debugger option, dieLevel debugger option, AutoTrace debugger option, LineInfo debugger option, inhibit_exit debugger option, PrintRet debugger option, ornaments debugger option, frame debugger option, maxTraceLen debugger option, windowSize debugger option, arrayDepth debugger option, hashDepth debugger option, dumpDepth debugger option, compactDump debugger option, veryCompact debugger option, globPrint debugger option, DumpDBFiles debugger option, DumpPackages debugger option, DumpReused debugger option, quote debugger option, HighBit debugger option, undefPrint debugger option, UsageOnly debugger option, TTY debugger option, noTTY debugger option, ReadLine debugger option, NonStop"
    Debugger input/output
    Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace , Line Listing Format, Frame listing backtrace"
    Debugging compile-time statements
    Debugger Customization
    Readline Support
    Editor Support for Debugging
    The Perl Profiler
    Debugging regular expressions
    Debugging memory usage
    SEE ALSO
    BUGS
     

    perlvar - Perl predefined variables

    DESCRIPTION
    Predefined Names
    $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<digits>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $*, HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, $` is the same as "substr($var, 0, $-[0])", $& is the same as "substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])", $' is the same as "substr($var, $+[0])", $1 is the same as "substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])", $2 is the same as "substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])", $3 is the same as "substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])", HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
    Error Indicators
    Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
    BUGS
     

    perlre - Perl regular expressions

    DESCRIPTION
    i , m , s
     , x  expression, case-insensitive m regex, multiline regexp, multiline regular expression, multiline s regex, single-line regexp, single-line regular expression, single-line x"
    Regular Expressions
    [1], [2], [3], cntrl , graph , print , punct , xdigit
    Extended Patterns
    "(?#text)" , "(?imsx-imsx)" , "(?:pattern)" , "(?imsx-imsx:pattern)", "(?=pattern)" , "(?!pattern)" , "(?<=pattern)" , "(?<!pattern)" , "(?{ code })"
     , "(??{ code })"
          , "(?>pattern)"  , "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)" , "(?(condition)yes-pattern)" postponed regex, recursive regexp, recursive regular expression, recursive backtrack backtracking (?()"
    Backtracking
    Version 8 Regular Expressions
    Warning on \1 vs $1
    Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
    Combining pieces together
    "ST", "S|T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}", "S{min,max}?", "S?", "S*", "S+", "S??", "S*?", "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)", "(?<=S)", "(?!S)", "(?<!S)", "(??{ EXPR })", "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)"
    Creating custom RE engines
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference

    DESCRIPTION
    OPERATORS
    SYNTAX
    ESCAPE SEQUENCES
    CHARACTER CLASSES
    ANCHORS
    QUANTIFIERS
    EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
    VARIABLES
    FUNCTIONS
    TERMINOLOGY
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
    THANKS
     

    perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

    NOTE
    DESCRIPTION
    Making References
    1. , 2.
       , 3.
         
      , 4.       , 5.  , 6. , 7. anonymous subroutine, reference reference, subroutine scope, lexical closure lexical lexical scope constructor new autovivification *foo{THING} *"
    Using References
    2. , 3. , 4.
    Symbolic references
    Not-so-symbolic references
    Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
    Function Templates
    WARNING
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlform - Perl formats

    DESCRIPTION
    Text Fields
    Numeric Fields
    The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
    The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
    Specifying Values
    Using Fill Mode
    Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
    Repeating Format Lines
    Top of Form Processing
    Format Variables
    NOTES
    Footers
    Accessing Formatting Internals
    WARNINGS
     

    perlobj - Perl objects

    DESCRIPTION
    An Object is Simply a Reference
    A Class is Simply a Package
    A Method is Simply a Subroutine
    Method Invocation
    Indirect Object Syntax
    Default UNIVERSAL methods
    isa(CLASS) , can(METHOD) , VERSION( [NEED] )
    Destructors
    Summary
    Two-Phased Garbage Collection
    SEE ALSO
     

    perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Tying Scalars
    TIESCALAR classname, LIST , FETCH this , STORE this, value , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
    Tying Arrays
    TIEARRAY classname, LIST , FETCH this, index , STORE this, index, value , FETCHSIZE this , STORESIZE this, count , EXTEND this, count , EXISTS this, key , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this , PUSH this, LIST
     , POP this , SHIFT this , UNSHIFT this, LIST  , SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
    Tying Hashes
    USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST , FETCH this, key , STORE this, key, value , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this , EXISTS this, key , FIRSTKEY this , NEXTKEY this, lastkey , SCALAR this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
    Tying FileHandles
    TIEHANDLE classname, LIST , WRITE this, LIST , PRINT this, LIST , PRINTF this, LIST , READ this, LIST , READLINE this , GETC this , CLOSE this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
    UNTIE this
    The untie Gotcha
    SEE ALSO
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value
    The Filter
    An Example --- the NULL termination problem.
    Another Example --- Key is a C int.
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

    DESCRIPTION
    Signals
    Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
    Named Pipes
    Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
    Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as ``faults'', Signals triggered by operating system state
    Using open() for IPC
    Filehandles
    Background Processes
    Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
    Safe Pipe Opens
    Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
    Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
    Sockets: Client/Server Communication
    Internet Line Terminators
    Internet TCP Clients and Servers
    Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
    TCP Clients with IO::Socket
    A Simple Client
    "Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"
    A Webget Client
    Interactive Client with IO::Socket
    TCP Servers with IO::Socket
    Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
    UDP: Message Passing
    SysV IPC
    NOTES
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
    $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to files, directories and network sockets
    Resource limits
    Killing the parent process
    Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
    CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
    BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of extensions
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Storing numbers
    Numeric operators and numeric conversions
    Flavors of Perl numeric operations
    Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during "use integer", Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during "use integer", Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a string
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Status
    What Is A Thread Anyway?
    Threaded Program Models
    Boss/Worker
    Work Crew
    Pipeline
    What kind of threads are Perl threads?
    Thread-Safe Modules
    Thread Basics
    Basic Thread Support
    A Note about the Examples
    Creating Threads
    Waiting For A Thread To Exit
    Ignoring A Thread
    Threads And Data
    Shared And Unshared Data
    Thread Pitfalls: Races
    Synchronization and control
    Controlling access: lock()
    A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
    Queues: Passing Data Around
    Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
    Basic semaphores
    Advanced Semaphores
    cond_wait() and cond_signal()
    Giving up control
    General Thread Utility Routines
    What Thread Am I In?
    Thread IDs
    Are These Threads The Same?
    What Threads Are Running?
    A Complete Example
    Different implementations of threads
    Performance considerations
    Process-scope Changes
    Thread-Safety of System Libraries
    Conclusion
    Bibliography
    Introductory Texts
    OS-Related References
    Other References
    Acknowledgements
    AUTHOR
    Copyrights
     

    perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    What Is A Thread Anyway?
    Threaded Program Models
    Boss/Worker
    Work Crew
    Pipeline
    Native threads
    What kind of threads are perl threads?
    Threadsafe Modules
    Thread Basics
    Basic Thread Support
    Creating Threads
    Giving up control
    Waiting For A Thread To Exit
    Errors In Threads
    Ignoring A Thread
    Threads And Data
    Shared And Unshared Data
    Thread Pitfall: Races
    Controlling access: lock()
    Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
    Queues: Passing Data Around
    Threads And Code
    Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
    Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
    Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
    Subroutine Locks
    Methods
    Locking A Subroutine
    General Thread Utility Routines
    What Thread Am I In?
    Thread IDs
    Are These Threads The Same?
    What Threads Are Running?
    A Complete Example
    Conclusion
    Bibliography
    Introductory Texts
    OS-Related References
    Other References
    Acknowledgements
    AUTHOR
    Copyrights
     

    perlport - Writing portable Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already is portable
    ISSUES
    Newlines
    Numbers endianness and Width
    Files and Filesystems
    System Interaction
    Command names versus file pathnames
    Networking
    Interprocess Communication (IPC)
    External Subroutines (XS)
    Standard Modules
    Time and Date
    Character sets and character encoding
    Internationalisation
    System Resources
    Security
    Style
    CPAN Testers
    PLATFORMS
    Unix
    DOS and Derivatives
    Mac OS
    VMS
    VOS
    EBCDIC Platforms
    Acorn RISC OS
    Other perls
    FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
    Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
    -X, atan2 Y,X, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen, dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent, setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob, gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat, msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair, stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime, wait, waitpid
    Supported Platforms
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
     

    perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)

    DESCRIPTION
    PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
    USING LOCALES
    The use locale pragma
    The setlocale function
    Finding locales
    LOCALE PROBLEMS
    Temporarily fixing locale problems
    Permanently fixing locale problems
    Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
    Fixing system locale configuration
    The localeconv function
    I18N::Langinfo
    LOCALE CATEGORIES
    Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
    Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
    Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
    Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
    LC_TIME
    Other categories
    SECURITY
    ENVIRONMENT
    PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
    NOTES
    Backward compatibility
    I18N:Collate obsolete
    Sort speed and memory use impacts
    write() and LC_NUMERIC
    Freely available locale definitions
    I18n and l10n
    An imperfect standard
    Unicode and UTF-8
    BUGS
    Broken systems
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction

    DESCRIPTION
    Unicode
    Perl's Unicode Support
    Perl's Unicode Model
    Unicode and EBCDIC
    Creating Unicode
    Handling Unicode
    Legacy Encodings
    Unicode I/O
    Displaying Unicode As Text
    Special Cases
    Advanced Topics
    Miscellaneous
    Questions With Answers
    Hexadecimal Notation
    Further Resources
    UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
    SEE ALSO
    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
     

    perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Important Caveats
    Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, "use utf8" still needed to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts autodetected, "use encoding" needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
    Byte and Character Semantics
    Effects of Character Semantics
    Scripts
    Blocks
    User-Defined Character Properties
    Character Encodings for Input and Output
    Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
    Unicode Encodings
    Security Implications of Unicode
    Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
    Locales
    When Unicode Does Not Happen
    Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
    Using Unicode in XS
    BUGS
    Interaction with Locales
    Interaction with Extensions
    Speed
    Porting code from perl-5.6.X
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms

    DESCRIPTION
    COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
    ASCII
    ISO 8859
    Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
    EBCDIC
    13 variant characters
    0037
    1047
    POSIX-BC
    Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
    Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
    Unicode and UTF
    Using Encode
    SINGLE OCTET TABLES
    recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
    IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
    CONVERSIONS
    tr///
    iconv
    C RTL
    OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
    FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
    chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
    REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
    SOCKETS
    SORTING
    Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
    MONO CASE then sort data.
    Convert, sort data, then re convert.
    Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
    TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
    URL decoding and encoding
    uu encoding and decoding
    Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
    Caesarian ciphers
    Hashing order and checksums
    I18N AND L10N
    MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
    OS ISSUES
    OS/400
    PASE, IFS access
    OS/390, z/OS
    chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
    VM/ESA?
    POSIX-BC?
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
    REFERENCES
    HISTORY
    AUTHOR
     

    perlsec - Perl security

    DESCRIPTION
    Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
    Switches On the #! Line
    Taint mode and @INC
    Cleaning Up Your Path
    Security Bugs
    Protecting Your Programs
    Unicode
    Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)

    DESCRIPTION
    Packages
    Symbol Tables
    BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
    Perl Classes
    Perl Modules
    Making your module threadsafe
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones

    THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
    Pragmatic Modules
    assertions::compat, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
    Standard Modules
    AnyDBM_File, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Compress::Zlib, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Zlib, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader
    Extension Modules
    CPAN
    Africa
    South Africa
    Asia
    China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
    Central America
    Costa Rica
    Europe
    Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
    North America
    Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States, Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
    Oceania
    Australia, New Zealand, United States
    South America
    Argentina, Brazil, Chile
    RSYNC Mirrors
    Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
    Guidelines for Module Creation
    Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
    Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
    NOTE
     

    perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide

    INTRODUCTION
    QUICK CHECKLIST
    Before you start
    The API
    Stability
    Documentation
    Release considerations
    BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
    Has it been done before?
    Do one thing and do it well
    What's in a name?
    DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
    To OO or not to OO?
    Designing your API
    Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing
    Strictness and warnings
    Backwards compatibility
    Error handling and messages
    DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
    POD
    README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
    perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, perl Build test, perl Build install
    RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
    Version numbering
    Pre-requisites
    Testing
    Packaging
    Licensing
    COMMON PITFALLS
    Reinventing the wheel
    Trying to do too much
    Inappropriate documentation
    SEE ALSO
    perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools, Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering
    AUTHOR
     

    perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

    DESCRIPTION
    PREAMBLE
    DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD the module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module
    PORTABILITY
    HEY
    AUTHOR
    COPYRIGHT
     

    perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution

    DESCRIPTION
    Warning
    What should I make into a module?
    Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
    Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
    Step-by-step: Making the module
    Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation, Write tests, Write the README
    Step-by-step: Distributing your module
    Get a CPAN user ID, "perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist", Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution

    DESCRIPTION
    DOCUMENTATION
    perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html and pod2latex, pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain, roffitall
    CONVERTORS
    a2p, s2p, find2perl
    Administration
    libnetcfg
    Development
    perlbug, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, dprofpp, perlcc
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator

    DESCRIPTION
    Layout
    B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
    Using The Back Ends
    The Cross Referencing Back End
    i, &, s, r
    The Decompiling Back End
    The Lint Back End
    The Simple C Back End
    The Bytecode Back End
    The Optimized C Back End
    Module List for the Compiler Suite
    B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
    KNOWN PROBLEMS
    AUTHOR
     

    perlfilter - Source Filters

    DESCRIPTION
    CONCEPTS
    USING FILTERS
    WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
    WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
    Decryption Filters
    CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
    WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
    USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
    CONCLUSION
    THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
    Some Filters Clobber the "DATA" Handle
    REQUIREMENTS
    AUTHOR
    Copyrights
     

    perlglossary - Perl Glossary

    DESCRIPTION
    A
    accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias, alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit, autovivification, AV, awk
    B
    backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
    C
    C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback, canonical, capturing, character, character class, character property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client, cloister, closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, code subpattern, collating sequence, command, command buffering, command name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit, compile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation, conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation, core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current working directory, currently selected output channel, CV
    D
    dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration, decrement, default, defined, delimiter, dereference, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory handle, dispatch, distribution, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping
    E
    eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant, encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno, error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension
    F
    false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag, floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character, garbage collection
    G
    GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granularity, greedy, grep, group, GV
    H
    hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV
    I
    identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing, indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object slot, indirection, infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable, integer, interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV
    J
    JAPH
    K
    key, keyword
    L
    label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list value, literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue modifier
    M
    magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method, minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
    N
    named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null character, null list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble
    O
    object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating system, operator, operator overloading, options, overloading, overriding, owner
    P
    package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process, program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype, pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin, pumpking, PV
    Q
    qualified, quantifier
    R
    readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex, regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational operator, reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue
    S
    scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable, scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator, serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp, socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error, standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure, statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static scoping, static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string, string context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern, subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV, switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax, syntax tree, syscall
    T
    tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie, TMTOWTDI, token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typed lexical, typedef, typeglob, typemap
    U
    UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix
    V
    value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void context, v-string
    W
    warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper, WYSIWYG
    X
    XS, XSUB
    Y
    yacc
    Z
    zero width, zombie
    AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
     

    perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

    DESCRIPTION
    PREAMBLE
    Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?
    ROADMAP
    Compiling your C program
    Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
    Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
    Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
    Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
    Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
    Maintaining a persistent interpreter
    Execution of END blocks
    Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
    Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C program
    Embedding Perl under Win32
    Hiding Perl_
    MORAL
    AUTHOR
    COPYRIGHT
     

    perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging

    DESCRIPTION
    Debugger Internals
    Writing Your Own Debugger
    Frame Listing Output Examples
    Debugging regular expressions
    Compile-time output
    "anchored" STRING "at" POS, "floating" STRING "at" POS1..POS2, "matching floating/anchored", "minlen", "stclass" TYPE, "noscan", "isall", "GPOS", "plus", "implicit", "with eval", "anchored(TYPE)"
    Types of nodes
    Run-time output
    Debugging Perl memory usage
    Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}
    "buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)", Free/Used, "Total sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192", "chain: 0", "tail: 6144"
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs

    DESCRIPTION
    SPECIAL NOTES
    make
    Version caveat
    Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
    TUTORIAL
    EXAMPLE 1
    EXAMPLE 2
    What has gone on?
    Writing good test scripts
    EXAMPLE 3
    What's new here?
    Input and Output Parameters
    The XSUBPP Program
    The TYPEMAP file
    Warning about Output Arguments
    EXAMPLE 4
    What has happened here?
    Anatomy of .xs file
    Getting the fat out of XSUBs
    More about XSUB arguments
    The Argument Stack
    Extending your Extension
    Documenting your Extension
    Installing your Extension
    EXAMPLE 5
    New Things in this Example
    EXAMPLE 6
    New Things in this Example
    EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
    EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
    EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
    Troubleshooting these Examples
    See also
    Author
    Last Changed
     

    perlxs - XS language reference manual

    DESCRIPTION
    Introduction
    On The Road
    The Anatomy of an XSUB
    The Argument Stack
    The RETVAL Variable
    Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
    The MODULE Keyword
    The PACKAGE Keyword
    The PREFIX Keyword
    The OUTPUT: Keyword
    The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
    The CODE: Keyword
    The INIT: Keyword
    The NO_INIT Keyword
    Initializing Function Parameters
    Default Parameter Values
    The PREINIT: Keyword
    The SCOPE: Keyword
    The INPUT: Keyword
    The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
    The length(NAME) Keyword
    Variable-length Parameter Lists
    The C_ARGS: Keyword
    The PPCODE: Keyword
    Returning Undef And Empty Lists
    The REQUIRE: Keyword
    The CLEANUP: Keyword
    The POSTCALL: Keyword
    The BOOT: Keyword
    The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
    The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
    The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
    The ALIAS: Keyword
    The OVERLOAD: Keyword
    The FALLBACK: Keyword
    The INTERFACE: Keyword
    The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
    The INCLUDE: Keyword
    The CASE: Keyword
    The & Unary Operator
    Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
    Using XS With C++
    Interface Strategy
    Perl Objects And C Structures
    The Typemap
    Safely Storing Static Data in XS
    MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
    EXAMPLES
    XS VERSION
    AUTHOR
     

    perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions

    DESCRIPTION
    Conventions
    "t", "p", "n", "s"
    File Operations
    File Input and Output
    File Positioning
    Memory Management and String Handling
    Character Class Tests
    stdlib.h functions
    Miscellaneous functions
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API

    DESCRIPTION
    Variables
    Datatypes
    What is an IV?
    Working with SVs
    Offsets
    What's Really Stored in an SV?
    Working with AVs
    Working with HVs
    Hash API Extensions
    AVs, HVs and undefined values
    References
    Blessed References and Class Objects
    Creating New Variables
    GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
    Reference Counts and Mortality
    Stashes and Globs
    Double-Typed SVs
    Magic Variables
    Assigning Magic
    Magic Virtual Tables
    Finding Magic
    Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
    Localizing changes
    "SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32 i)", "SAVELONG(long i)", SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), "SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)", SAVEFREEPV(p), "SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)", "SAVESTACK_POS()", "SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)", "AV* save_ary(GV *gv)", "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void save_item(SV *item)", "void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)", "SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)", "void save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV **hptr)"
    Subroutines
    XSUBs and the Argument Stack
    Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
    Memory Allocation
    PerlIO
    Putting a C value on Perl stack
    Scratchpads
    Scratchpads and recursion
    Compiled code
    Code tree
    Examining the tree
    Compile pass 1: check routines
    Compile pass 1a: constant folding
    Compile pass 2: context propagation
    Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
    Pluggable runops
    Examining internal data structures with the dump functions
    How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
    Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
    So what happened to dTHR?
    How do I use all this in extensions?
    Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
    Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
    Internal Functions
    A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b
    Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
    Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
    Source Documentation
    Backwards compatibility
    Unicode Support
    What is Unicode, anyway?
    How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
    How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
    How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
    How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
    Is there anything else I need to know?
    Custom Operators
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C

    DESCRIPTION
    An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
    THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
    call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
    FLAG VALUES
    G_VOID
    G_SCALAR
    G_ARRAY
    G_DISCARD
    G_NOARGS
    G_EVAL
    G_KEEPERR
    Determining the Context
    EXAMPLES
    No Parameters, Nothing returned
    Passing Parameters
    Returning a Scalar
    Returning a list of values
    Returning a list in a scalar context
    Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
    Using G_EVAL
    Using G_KEEPERR
    Using call_sv
    Using call_argv
    Using call_method
    Using GIMME_V
    Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
    Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
    1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback
    Alternate Stack Manipulation
    Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
    DATE
     

    perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API

    DESCRIPTION
    Gimme Values
    GIMME , GIMME_V , G_ARRAY , G_DISCARD , G_EVAL , G_NOARGS , G_SCALAR , G_VOID
    Array Manipulation Functions
    AvFILL , av_clear , av_delete , av_exists , av_extend , av_fetch , av_fill , av_len , av_make , av_pop , av_push , av_shift , av_store , av_undef , av_unshift , get_av , newAV , sortsv
    Callback Functions
    call_argv , call_method , call_pv , call_sv , ENTER , eval_pv , eval_sv , FREETMPS , LEAVE , SAVETMPS
    Character classes
    isALNUM , isALPHA , isDIGIT , isLOWER , isSPACE , isUPPER , toLOWER , toUPPER
    Cloning an interpreter
    perl_clone
    CV Manipulation Functions
    CvSTASH , get_cv
    Embedding Functions
    cv_undef , load_module , nothreadhook , perl_alloc , perl_construct , perl_destruct , perl_free , perl_parse , perl_run , require_pv
    Functions in file pp_pack.c
    packlist , pack_cat , unpackstring , unpack_str
    Global Variables
    PL_modglobal , PL_na , PL_sv_no , PL_sv_undef , PL_sv_yes
    GV Functions
    GvSV , gv_fetchmeth , gv_fetchmethod , gv_fetchmethod_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_autoload , gv_stashpv , gv_stashpvn , gv_stashsv
    Handy Values
    Nullav , Nullch , Nullcv , Nullhv , Nullsv
    Hash Manipulation Functions
    get_hv , HEf_SVKEY , HeHASH , HeKEY , HeKLEN , HePV , HeSVKEY , HeSVKEY_force , HeSVKEY_set , HeVAL , HvNAME , hv_clear , hv_clear_placeholders , hv_delete , hv_delete_ent , hv_exists , hv_exists_ent , hv_fetch , hv_fetch_ent , hv_iterinit , hv_iterkey , hv_iterkeysv , hv_iternext , hv_iternextsv , hv_iternext_flags , hv_iterval , hv_magic , hv_scalar , hv_store , hv_store_ent , hv_undef , newHV
    Magical Functions
    mg_clear , mg_copy , mg_find , mg_free , mg_get , mg_length , mg_magical , mg_set , SvGETMAGIC , SvLOCK , SvSETMAGIC , SvSetMagicSV , SvSetMagicSV_nosteal , SvSetSV , SvSetSV_nosteal , SvSHARE , SvUNLOCK
    Memory Management
    Copy , CopyD , Move , MoveD , Newx , Newxc , Newxz , Poison , Renew , Renewc , Safefree , savepv , savepvn , savesharedpv , savesvpv , StructCopy , Zero , ZeroD
    Miscellaneous Functions
    fbm_compile , fbm_instr , form , getcwd_sv , strEQ , strGE , strGT , strLE , strLT , strNE , strnEQ , strnNE , sv_nolocking , sv_nosharing , sv_nounlocking
    Numeric functions
    grok_bin , grok_hex , grok_number , grok_numeric_radix , grok_oct , scan_bin , scan_hex , scan_oct
    Optree Manipulation Functions
    cv_const_sv , newCONSTSUB , newXS
    Pad Data Structures
    pad_sv
    Stack Manipulation Macros
    dMARK , dORIGMARK , dSP , EXTEND , MARK , mPUSHi , mPUSHn , mPUSHp , mPUSHu , mXPUSHi , mXPUSHn , mXPUSHp , mXPUSHu , ORIGMARK , POPi , POPl , POPn , POPp , POPpbytex , POPpx , POPs , PUSHi , PUSHMARK , PUSHmortal , PUSHn , PUSHp , PUSHs , PUSHu , PUTBACK , SP , SPAGAIN , XPUSHi , XPUSHmortal , XPUSHn , XPUSHp , XPUSHs , XPUSHu , XSRETURN , XSRETURN_EMPTY , XSRETURN_IV , XSRETURN_NO , XSRETURN_NV , XSRETURN_PV , XSRETURN_UNDEF , XSRETURN_UV , XSRETURN_YES , XST_mIV , XST_mNO , XST_mNV , XST_mPV , XST_mUNDEF , XST_mYES
    SV Flags
    svtype , SVt_IV , SVt_NV , SVt_PV , SVt_PVAV , SVt_PVCV , SVt_PVHV , SVt_PVMG
    SV Manipulation Functions
    get_sv , looks_like_number , newRV_inc , newRV_noinc , NEWSV , newSV , newSVhek , newSViv , newSVnv , newSVpv , newSVpvf , newSVpvn , newSVpvn_share , newSVrv , newSVsv , newSVuv , SvCUR , SvCUR_set , SvEND , SvGROW , SvIOK , SvIOKp , SvIOK_notUV , SvIOK_off , SvIOK_on , SvIOK_only , SvIOK_only_UV , SvIOK_UV , SvIsCOW , SvIsCOW_shared_hash , SvIV , SvIVX , SvIVx , SvIV_set , SvLEN , SvLEN_set , SvMAGIC_set , SvNIOK , SvNIOKp , SvNIOK_off , SvNOK , SvNOKp , SvNOK_off , SvNOK_on , SvNOK_only , SvNV , SvNVX , SvNVx , SvNV_set , SvOK , SvOOK , SvPOK , SvPOKp , SvPOK_off , SvPOK_on , SvPOK_only , SvPOK_only_UTF8 , SvPV , SvPVbyte , SvPVbytex , SvPVbytex_force , SvPVbyte_force , SvPVbyte_nolen , SvPVutf8 , SvPVutf8x , SvPVutf8x_force , SvPVutf8_force , SvPVutf8_nolen , SvPVX , SvPVx , SvPV_force , SvPV_force_nomg , SvPV_nolen , SvPV_set , SvREFCNT , SvREFCNT_dec , SvREFCNT_inc , SvROK , SvROK_off , SvROK_on , SvRV , SvRV_set , SvSTASH , SvSTASH_set , SvTAINT , SvTAINTED , SvTAINTED_off , SvTAINTED_on , SvTRUE , SvTYPE , SvUOK , SvUPGRADE , SvUTF8 , SvUTF8_off , SvUTF8_on , SvUV , SvUVX , SvUVx , SvUV_set , sv_2bool , sv_2cv , sv_2io , sv_2iv , sv_2mortal , sv_2nv , sv_2pvbyte , sv_2pvbyte_nolen , sv_2pvutf8 , sv_2pvutf8_nolen , sv_2pv_flags , sv_2pv_nolen , sv_2uv , sv_backoff , sv_bless , sv_catpv , sv_catpvf , sv_catpvf_mg , sv_catpvn , sv_catpvn_flags , sv_catpvn_mg , sv_catpvn_nomg , sv_catpv_mg , sv_catsv , sv_catsv_flags , sv_catsv_mg , sv_catsv_nomg , sv_chop , sv_clear , sv_cmp , sv_cmp_locale , sv_collxfrm , sv_copypv , sv_dec , sv_derived_from , sv_eq , sv_force_normal , sv_force_normal_flags , sv_free , sv_gets , sv_grow , sv_inc , sv_insert , sv_isa , sv_isobject , sv_iv , sv_len , sv_len_utf8 , sv_magic , sv_magicext , sv_mortalcopy , sv_newmortal , sv_newref , sv_nv , sv_pos_b2u , sv_pos_u2b , sv_pv , sv_pvbyte , sv_pvbyten , sv_pvbyten_force , sv_pvn , sv_pvn_force , sv_pvn_force_flags , sv_pvutf8 , sv_pvutf8n , sv_pvutf8n_force , sv_reftype , sv_replace , sv_report_used , sv_reset , sv_rvweaken , sv_setiv , sv_setiv_mg , sv_setnv , sv_setnv_mg , sv_setpv , sv_setpvf , sv_setpvf_mg , sv_setpviv , sv_setpviv_mg , sv_setpvn , sv_setpvn_mg , sv_setpv_mg , sv_setref_iv , sv_setref_nv , sv_setref_pv , sv_setref_pvn , sv_setref_uv , sv_setsv , sv_setsv_flags , sv_setsv_mg , sv_setsv_nomg , sv_setuv , sv_setuv_mg , sv_taint , sv_tainted , sv_true , sv_unmagic , sv_unref , sv_unref_flags , sv_untaint , sv_upgrade , sv_usepvn , sv_usepvn_mg , sv_utf8_decode , sv_utf8_downgrade , sv_utf8_encode , sv_utf8_upgrade , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags , sv_uv , sv_vcatpvf , sv_vcatpvfn , sv_vcatpvf_mg , sv_vsetpvf , sv_vsetpvfn , sv_vsetpvf_mg
    Unicode Support
    bytes_from_utf8 , bytes_to_utf8 , ibcmp_utf8 , is_utf8_char , is_utf8_string , is_utf8_string_loc , is_utf8_string_loclen , pv_uni_display , sv_cat_decode , sv_recode_to_utf8 , sv_uni_display , to_utf8_case , to_utf8_fold , to_utf8_lower , to_utf8_title , to_utf8_upper , utf8n_to_uvchr , utf8n_to_uvuni , utf8_distance , utf8_hop , utf8_length , utf8_to_bytes , utf8_to_uvchr , utf8_to_uvuni , uvchr_to_utf8 , uvuni_to_utf8_flags
    Variables created by xsubpp and xsubpp internal functions
    ax , CLASS , dAX , dAXMARK , dITEMS , dXSARGS , dXSI32 , items , ix , newXSproto , RETVAL , ST , THIS , XS , XS_VERSION , XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
    Warning and Dieing
    croak , warn
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions

    DESCRIPTION
    CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
    CvWEAKOUTSIDE
    Functions in file pad.h
    CX_CURPAD_SAVE , CX_CURPAD_SV , PAD_BASE_SV , PAD_CLONE_VARS , PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set , PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH , PAD_COMPNAME_PV , PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE , PAD_DUP , PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD , PAD_SETSV , PAD_SET_CUR , PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE , PAD_SV , PAD_SVl , SAVECLEARSV , SAVECOMPPAD , SAVEPADSV
    Functions in file pp_ctl.c
    find_runcv
    Global Variables
    PL_DBsingle , PL_DBsub , PL_DBtrace , PL_dowarn , PL_last_in_gv , PL_ofs_sv , PL_rs
    GV Functions
    is_gv_magical
    IO Functions
    start_glob
    Pad Data Structures
    CvPADLIST , cv_clone , cv_dump , do_dump_pad , intro_my , pad_add_anon , pad_add_name , pad_alloc , pad_block_start , pad_check_dup , pad_findlex , pad_findmy , pad_fixup_inner_anons , pad_free , pad_leavemy , pad_new , pad_push , pad_reset , pad_setsv , pad_swipe , pad_tidy , pad_undef
    Stack Manipulation Macros
    djSP , LVRET
    SV Manipulation Functions
    report_uninit , sv_add_arena , sv_clean_all , sv_clean_objs , sv_free_arenas
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
     

    perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    History and Background
    Basic Structure
    Layers vs Disciplines
    Data Structures
    Functions and Attributes
    Per-instance Data
    Layers in action.
    Per-instance flag bits
    PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
    Methods in Detail
    fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error,  Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
    Set_ptrcnt
    Utilities
    Implementing PerlIO Layers
    C implementations, Perl implementations
    Core Layers
    ``unix'', ``perlio'', ``stdio'', ``crlf'', ``mmap'', ``pending'', ``raw'', ``utf8''
    Extension Layers
    ``:encoding'', ``:scalar'', ``:via''
    TODO
     

    perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, PerlIO_stdin(), PerlIO_stdout(), PerlIO_stderr(), PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...), PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count), PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c), PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f), PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f), PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p), PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile(), PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)
    Co-existence with stdio
    PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f), PerlIO_findFILE(f)
    Fast gets Functions
    PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f), PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c), PerlIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f), PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)
    Other Functions
    PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
     

    perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals

    DESCRIPTION
    Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
    Keeping in sync
    rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the NFS, rsync'ing the patches
    Why rsync the source tree
    It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
    Why rsync the patches
    It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
    Working with the source
    Perlbug administration
    Submitting patches
    perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod, The perl5-porters FAQ
    Finding Your Way Around
    Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
    Elements of the interpreter
    Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing
    Internal Variable Types
    Op Trees
    Stacks
    Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
    Millions of Macros
    The .i Targets
    Poking at Perl
    Using a source-level debugger
    run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', print
    gdb macro support
    Dumping Perl Data Structures
    Patching
    Patching a core module
    Adding a new function to the core
    Writing a test
    t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/lib/, t/op/, t/pod/, t/run/, t/uni/, t/win32/, t/x2p, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
    Special Make Test Targets
    coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty
    Running tests by hand
    -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
    EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
    Rational Software's Purify
    Purify on Unix
    -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
    Purify on NT
    DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
    valgrind
    Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
    PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
    Profiling
    Gprof Profiling
    -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
    GCC gcov Profiling
    Pixie Profiling
    -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, -z[ero]
    Miscellaneous tricks
    CONCLUSION
    The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.
    AUTHOR
     

    perlbook - Perl book information

    DESCRIPTION
     

    perltodo - Perl TO-DO List

    DESCRIPTION
    The roadmap to 5.10
    Needed for a 5.9.4 release
    Needed for a 5.9.5 release
    Implement ``_ prototype character'', Implement ``state variables''
    Needed for a 5.9.6 release
    Tasks that only need Perl knowledge
    common test code for timed bail out
    POD -> HTML conversion in the core still sucks
    Parallel testing
    Make Schwern poorer
    Improve the coverage of the core tests
    test B
    A decent benchmark
    fix tainting bugs
    Dual life everything
    Improving threads::shared
    POSIX memory footprint
    Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge
    Relocatable perl
    make HTML install work
    compressed man pages
    Add a code coverage target to the Makefile
    Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl
    make parallel builds work
    linker specification files
    Tasks that need a little C knowledge
    Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release
    Tidy up global variables
    Ordering of global variables.
    bincompat functions
    am I hot or not?
    emulate the per-thread memory pool on Unix
    reduce duplication in sv_setsv_flags
    Tasks that need a knowledge of XS
    IPv6
    shrink GVs, CVs
    merge Perl_sv_2[inpu]v
    UTF8 caching code
    Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
    autovivification
    Unicode in Filenames
    Unicode in %ENV
    use less 'memory'
    Re-implement :unique in a way that is actually thread-safe
    Make tainting consistent
    readpipe(LIST)
    Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter
    lexical pragmas
    Attach/detach debugger from running program
    Constant folding
    LVALUE functions for lists
    LVALUE functions in the debugger
    _ prototype character
    state variables
    @INC source filter to Filter::Simple
    regexp optimiser optional
    UNITCHECK
    optional optimizer
    You WANT *how* many
    lexical aliases
    entersub XS vs Perl
    Self ties
    Optimize away @_
    What hooks would assertions need?
    Big projects
    make ithreads more robust
    iCOW
    (?{...}) closures in regexps
    A re-entrant regexp engine
     

    perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OPTIONS
    -h, -v, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-search-regexp, -T, -d destination-filename, -o output-formatname, -M module-name, -w option:value or -w option, -X, PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName, -n some-formatter, -r, -i, -V
    SECURITY
    ENVIRONMENT
    AUTHOR
     

    perlhist - the Perl history records

    DESCRIPTION
    INTRODUCTION
    THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
    PUMPKIN?
    THE RECORDS
    SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
    SELECTED PATCH SIZES
    THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
     

    perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    Performance Enhancements
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    New Tests
    Known Problems
    Platform Specific Problems
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl588delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    Performance Enhancements
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    New Tests
    Known Problems
    Platform Specific Problems
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl587delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.7

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
    suidperl less insecure
    Optional site customization script
    Config.pm is now much smaller.
    Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    find2perl enhancements
    Performance Enhancements
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    Known Problems
    Platform Specific Problems
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    Performance Enhancements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    New Tests
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    Perl's debugger
    h2ph
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    Known Problems
    Platform Specific Problems
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Malloc wrapping
    Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
    suidperl less insecure
    format
    Modules and Pragmata
    Updated modules
    Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find, IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8
    Performance Enhancements
    Utility Changes
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    Future Directions
    Platform Specific Problems
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util, Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    Configuration and Building
    Platform Specific Problems
    Known Problems
    Future Directions
    Obituary
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Hash Randomisation
    Threading
    Modules and Pragmata
    Updated Modules And Pragmata
    Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
    Selected Bug Fixes
    Changed Internals
    Platform Specific Problems
    Future Directions
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1

    DESCRIPTION
    Incompatible Changes
    Hash Randomisation
    UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
    Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before =>
    (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
    (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
    Core Enhancements
    UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
    Unsafe signals again available
    Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
    local ${$x}
    Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
    Deprecation Warnings
    Miscellaneous Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    Updated Modules And Pragmata
    base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes, CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath, Win32::GetOSVersion
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Platform-specific enhancements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    Closures, eval and lexicals
    Generic fixes
    Platform-specific fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed A thread exited while %d threads were running
    Removed Attempt to clear a restricted hash
    New Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine
    Changed Invalid range %s in transliteration operator
    New Missing control char name in \c
    New Newline in left-justified string for %s
    New Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator
    New Pseudo-hashes are deprecated
    New read() on %s filehandle %s
    New 5.005 threads are deprecated
    New Tied variable freed while still in use
    New To%s: illegal mapping '%s'
    New Use of freed value in iteration
    Changed Internals
    New Tests
    Known Problems
    Tied hashes in scalar context
    Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
    B::C
    Platform Specific Problems
    EBCDIC Platforms
    Cygwin 1.5 problems
    HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
    IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
    Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
    Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
    Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
    Future Directions
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
     

    perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0

    DESCRIPTION
    Highlights In 5.8.0
    Incompatible Changes
    Binary Incompatibility
    64-bit platforms and malloc
    AIX Dynaloading
    Attributes for my variables now handled at run-time
    Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
    IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
    New Unicode Semantics (no more use utf8, almost)
    New Unicode Properties
    REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
    pack/unpack D/F recycled
    glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
    Deprecations
    Core Enhancements
    Unicode Overhaul
    PerlIO is Now The Default
    ithreads
    Restricted Hashes
    Safe Signals
    Understanding of Numbers
    Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
    Miscellaneous Changes
    Modules and Pragmata
    New Modules and Pragmata
    Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    Performance Enhancements
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Generic Improvements
    New Or Improved Platforms
    Selected Bug Fixes
    Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
    New Tests
    Known Problems
    The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
    Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
    Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
    Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
    mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
    lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
    libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
    PDL failing some tests
    Perl_get_sv
    Self-tying Problems
    ext/threads/t/libc
    Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
    Timing problems
    Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
    Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
    Platform Specific Problems
    AIX
    Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
    AmigaOS
    BeOS
    Cygwin unable to remap
    Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
    DJGPP Failures
    FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
    FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
    IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
    HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
    Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
    Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
    Mac OS X
    Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
    OS/2 Test Failures
    op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
    SCO
    Solaris 2.5
    Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
    SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
    Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
    UNICOS/mk
    UTS
    VOS (Stratus)
    VMS
    Win32
    XML::Parser not working
    z/OS (OS/390)
    Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
    Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3

    DESCRIPTION
    Changes
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2

    DESCRIPTION
    Security Vulnerability Closed
    Incompatible Changes
    64-bit platforms and malloc
    AIX Dynaloading
    Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
    Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
    Deprecations
    Core Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    New Modules and Distributions
    Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    New Or Improved Platforms
    Generic Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Source Code Enhancements
    MAGIC constants
    Better commented code
    Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
    gcc -Wall
    New Tests
    Known Problems
    AIX
    Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
    lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
    Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
    HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
    HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
    Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
    OS/390
    op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
    Failure of Thread tests
    UNICOS
    UTS
    VMS
    Win32
    Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
    Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
    Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
    Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
    The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
    The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1

    DESCRIPTION
    Security Vulnerability Closed
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
    PerlIO is Now The Default
    Signals Are Now Safe
    Modules and Pragmata
    New Modules
    Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
    Performance Enhancements
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    perlclib
    perliol
    README.aix
    README.bs2000
    README.macos
    README.mpeix
    README.solaris
    README.vos
    Porting/repository.pod
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    New Or Improved Platforms
    Generic Improvements
    d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
    Selected Bug Fixes
    Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    New Tests
    Known Problems
    AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
    lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
    lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
    Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
    lib/b test 19
    Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
    sigaction test 13 in VMS
    sprintf tests 129 and 130
    Failure of Thread tests
    Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
    Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
    Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
    The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0

    DESCRIPTION
    Security Vulnerability Closed
    Incompatible Changes
    Core Enhancements
    Modules and Pragmata
    New Modules
    Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    New Documentation
    Performance Enhancements
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    Generic Improvements
    Selected Bug Fixes
    Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    Changed Internals
    Known Problems
    Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
    EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
    Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
    ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
    Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
    Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
    Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
    Storable tests fail in some platforms
    Threads Are Still Experimental
    The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x

    DESCRIPTION
    Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
    Security Issues
    Core bug fixes
    "UNIVERSAL::isa()", Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, ``slurp'' mode, Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, "no Module;", Tests
    Core features
    Configuration issues
    Documentation
    Bundled modules
    B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
    Platform-specific improvements
    NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
    Core Enhancements
    Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
    Lexically scoped warning categories
    Unicode and UTF-8 support
    Support for interpolating named characters
    our declarations
    Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
    Improved Perl version numbering system
    New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
    File and directory handles can be autovivified
    open() with more than two arguments
    64-bit support
    Large file support
    Long doubles
    more bits
    Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
    sort $coderef @foo allowed
    File globbing implemented internally
    Support for CHECK blocks
    POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
    Better pseudo-random number generator
    Improved qw// operator
    Better worst-case behavior of hashes
    pack() format 'Z' supported
    pack() format modifier '!' supported
    pack() and unpack() support counted strings
    Comments in pack() templates
    Weak references
    Binary numbers supported
    Lvalue subroutines
    Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
    Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
    exists() is supported on subroutine names
    exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
    Pseudo-hashes work better
    Automatic flushing of output buffers
    Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
    Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
    eof() has the same old magic as <>
    binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
    -T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as text
    system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
    Improved diagnostics
    Diagnostics follow STDERR
    More consistent close-on-exec behavior
    syswrite() ease-of-use
    Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
    Bit operators support full native integer width
    Improved security features
    More functional bareword prototype (*)
    require and do may be overridden
    $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
    New variable $^C reflects -c switch
    New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
    Optional Y2K warnings
    Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
    @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
    Modules and Pragmata
    Modules
    attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
    Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    dprofpp
    find2perl
    h2xs
    perlcc
    perldoc
    The Perl Debugger
    Improved Documentation
    perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
    Performance enhancements
    Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
    Optimized assignments to lexical variables
    Faster subroutine calls
    delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    -Dusethreads means something different
    New Configure flags
    Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
    Long Doubles
    -Dusemorebits
    -Duselargefiles
    installusrbinperl
    SOCKS support
    -A flag
    Enhanced Installation Directories
    gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
    Platform specific changes
    Supported platforms
    DOS
    OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
    VMS
    Win32
    Significant bug fixes
    <HANDLE> on empty files
    eval '...' improvements
    All compilation errors are true errors
    Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
    Behavior of list slices is more consistent
    (\$) prototype and $foo{a}
    goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
    -bareword allowed under use integer
    Failures in DESTROY()
    Locale bugs fixed
    Memory leaks
    Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
    Taint failures under -U
    END blocks and the -c switch
    Potential to leak DATA filehandles
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    ``%s'' variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, ``my sub'' not yet implemented, ``our'' variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as ``%s'', %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script ``%s'', Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in ``%s'', Can't declare %s in ``%s'', Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean ``local'' instead of ``our''?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range ``%s'' in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol ``%s'' requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value ``%s'', Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range ``%s'' in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in ``my sub'', No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in ``our'', No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around ``%s'' list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma ``attrs'' is deprecated, use ``sub NAME : ATTRS'' instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol ``%s'' too long, Version number must be a constant number
    New tests
    Incompatible Changes
    Perl Source Incompatibilities
    CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
    C Source Incompatibilities
    "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
    Compatible C Source API Changes
    "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
    Binary Incompatibilities
    Known Problems
    Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
    Known test failures
    EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
    UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
    Arrow operator and arrays
    Experimental features
    Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
    Obsolete Diagnostics
    Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of ``$$<digit>'' to mean ``${$}<digit>'' is deprecated
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0

    DESCRIPTION
    Core Enhancements
    Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
    Lexically scoped warning categories
    Unicode and UTF-8 support
    Support for interpolating named characters
    our declarations
    Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
    Improved Perl version numbering system
    New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
    File and directory handles can be autovivified
    open() with more than two arguments
    64-bit support
    Large file support
    Long doubles
    more bits
    Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
    sort $coderef @foo allowed
    File globbing implemented internally
    Support for CHECK blocks
    POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
    Better pseudo-random number generator
    Improved qw// operator
    Better worst-case behavior of hashes
    pack() format 'Z' supported
    pack() format modifier '!' supported
    pack() and unpack() support counted strings
    Comments in pack() templates
    Weak references
    Binary numbers supported
    Lvalue subroutines
    Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
    Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
    exists() is supported on subroutine names
    exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
    Pseudo-hashes work better
    Automatic flushing of output buffers
    Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
    Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
    eof() has the same old magic as <>
    binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
    -T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as text
    system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
    Improved diagnostics
    Diagnostics follow STDERR
    More consistent close-on-exec behavior
    syswrite() ease-of-use
    Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
    Bit operators support full native integer width
    Improved security features
    More functional bareword prototype (*)
    require and do may be overridden
    $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
    New variable $^C reflects -c switch
    New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
    Optional Y2K warnings
    Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
    @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
    Modules and Pragmata
    Modules
    attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
    Pragmata
    Utility Changes
    dprofpp
    find2perl
    h2xs
    perlcc
    perldoc
    The Perl Debugger
    Improved Documentation
    perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
    Performance enhancements
    Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
    Optimized assignments to lexical variables
    Faster subroutine calls
    delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
    Installation and Configuration Improvements
    -Dusethreads means something different
    New Configure flags
    Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
    Long Doubles
    -Dusemorebits
    -Duselargefiles
    installusrbinperl
    SOCKS support
    -A flag
    Enhanced Installation Directories
    Platform specific changes
    Supported platforms
    DOS
    OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
    VMS
    Win32
    Significant bug fixes
    <HANDLE> on empty files
    eval '...' improvements
    All compilation errors are true errors
    Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
    Behavior of list slices is more consistent
    (\$) prototype and $foo{a}
    goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
    -bareword allowed under use integer
    Failures in DESTROY()
    Locale bugs fixed
    Memory leaks
    Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
    Taint failures under -U
    END blocks and the -c switch
    Potential to leak DATA filehandles
    New or Changed Diagnostics
    ``%s'' variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, ``my sub'' not yet implemented, ``our'' variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as ``%s'', %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script ``%s'', Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in ``%s'', Can't declare %s in ``%s'', Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean ``local'' instead of ``our''?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range ``%s'' in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol ``%s'' requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value ``%s'', Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range ``%s'' in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in ``my sub'', No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in ``our'', No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around ``%s'' list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma ``attrs'' is deprecated, use ``sub NAME : ATTRS'' instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol ``%s'' too long, Version number must be a constant number
    New tests
    Incompatible Changes
    Perl Source Incompatibilities
    CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
    C Source Incompatibilities
    "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
    Compatible C Source API Changes
    "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
    Binary Incompatibilities
    Known Problems
    Thread test failures
    EBCDIC platforms not supported
    In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
    NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
    Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc
    UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
    Arrow operator and arrays
    Experimental features
    Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
    Obsolete Diagnostics
    Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of ``$$<digit>'' to mean ``${$}<digit>'' is deprecated
    Reporting Bugs
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005

    DESCRIPTION
    About the new versioning system
    Incompatible Changes
    WARNING:      This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
    Default installation structure has changed
    Perl Source Compatibility
    C Source Compatibility
    Binary Compatibility
    Security fixes may affect compatibility
    Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
    Licensing
    Core Changes
    Threads
    Compiler
    Regular Expressions
    Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
    constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes
    Improved malloc()
    Quicksort is internally implemented
    Reliable signals
    Reliable stack pointers
    More generous treatment of carriage returns
    Memory leaks
    Better support for multiple interpreters
    Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
    %! is transparently tied to the Errno module
    Pseudo-hashes are supported
    EXPR foreach EXPR is supported
    Keywords can be globally overridden
    $^E is meaningful on Win32
    foreach (1..1000000) optimized
    Foo:: can be used as implicitly quoted package name
    exists $Foo::{Bar::} tests existence of a package
    Better locale support
    Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
    prototype() returns useful results on builtins
    Extended support for exception handling
    Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
    All printf format conversions are handled internally
    New INIT keyword
    New lock keyword
    New qr// operator
    our is now a reserved word
    Tied arrays are now fully supported
    Tied handles support is better
    4th argument to substr
    Negative LENGTH argument to splice
    Magic lvalues are now more magical
    <> now reads in records
    Supported Platforms
    New Platforms
    Changes in existing support
    Modules and Pragmata
    New Modules
    B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re
    Changes in existing modules
    Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
    Utility Changes
    Documentation Changes
    New Diagnostics
    Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword ``%s'' refers to nonexistent package, Can't call method ``%s'' on an undefined value, Can't check filesystem of script ``%s'' for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber for ``%s'', Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such field ``%s'' in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word ``%s'' is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
    Obsolete Diagnostics
    Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open temporary file, regexp too big
    Configuration Changes
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004

    DESCRIPTION
    Supported Environments
    Core Changes
    List assignment to %ENV works
    Change to Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC error
    Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
    $PERL5OPT environment variable
    Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
    More precise warnings
    Deprecated: Inherited AUTOLOAD for non-methods
    Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
    Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
    Group vector changeable with $)
    Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
    Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
    No resetting of $. on implicit close
    wantarray may return undef
    eval EXPR determines value of EXPR in scalar context
    Changes to tainting checks
    No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
    New Opcode module and revised Safe module
    Embedding improvements
    Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
    Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
    New and changed syntax
    $coderef->(PARAMS)
    New and changed builtin constants
    __PACKAGE__
    New and changed builtin variables
    $^E, $^H, $^M
    New and changed builtin functions
    delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position on failure, "m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested "sub{}" closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
    New builtin methods
    isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
    TIEHANDLE now supported
    TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
    Malloc enhancements
    -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
    Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
    Support for More Operating Systems
    Win32
    Plan 9
    QNX
    AmigaOS
    Pragmata
    use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
    Modules
    Required Updates
    Installation directories
    Module information summary
    Fcntl
    IO
    Math::Complex
    Math::Trig
    DB_File
    Net::Ping
    Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
    Utility Changes
    pod2html
    Sends converted HTML to standard output
    xsubpp
    "void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing
    C Language API Changes
    "gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv", Extended API for manipulating hashes
    Documentation Changes
    perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib, perldebug, perlsec
    New Diagnostics
    ``my'' variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, Bareword ``%s'' refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword (``%s'') as %s ref while ``strict refs'' in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: ``%s'', Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name ``%s::%s'' used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T`` option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of ''$$<digit>`` to mean ''${$}<digit>`` is deprecated, Value of %s can be ''0``; test with defined(), Variable ''%s`` may be unavailable, Variable ''%s" will not stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    The Artistic License
    Preamble
    Definitions
    ``Package'', ``Standard Version'', ``Copyright Holder'', ``You'', ``Reasonable copying fee'', ``Freely Available''
    Conditions
    a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
     

    perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
     

    perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems

    DESCRIPTION
    Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
    OS level
    Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
    The IBM ANSI C Compiler
    The usenm option
    Using GNU's gcc for building perl
    Using Large Files with Perl
    Threaded Perl
    64-bit Perl
    AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
    AUTHOR
    DATE
     

    perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS

    NOTE
    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
    Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga OS
    Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
    Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
    INSTALLATION
    Accessing documentation
    Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
    Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
    Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
    Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
    BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
    Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
    Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
    Making Perl on AmigaOS
    Testing Perl on AmigaOS
    Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
    PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS

    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR
     

    perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS

    DESCRIPTION
    BUILD AND INSTALL
    Requirements
    Configure
    Build
    Install
    KNOWN PROBLEMS
    CONTACT
     

    perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    gzip on BS2000
    bison on BS2000
    Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
    Compiling Perl on BS2000
    Testing Perl on BS2000
    Installing Perl on BS2000
    Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
    Using Perl in native BS2000
    Floating point anomalies on BS2000
    Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
    Mailing list
    HISTORY
     

    perlce - Perl for WinCE

    DESCRIPTION
    BUILD
    Tools & SDK
    Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
    Make
    go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run         compile.bat, run

      compile.bat dist
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    AUTHORS
     

    perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin

    SYNOPSIS
    PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
    Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
    Cygwin Configuration
    "PATH", nroff, Permissions
    CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
    Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
    Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
    "-lcrypt", "-lgdbm" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb" ("use DB_File"), "-lcygipc" ("use IPC::SysV"), "-lutil"
    Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
    "-Uusedl", "-Uusemymalloc", "-Uuseperlio", "-Dusemultiplicity", "-Duse64bitint", "-Duselongdouble", "-Dusethreads", "-Duselargefiles", "-Dmksymlinks"
    Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
    dlsym(), Win9x and "d_eofnblk", Compiler/Preprocessor defines
    MAKE ON CYGWIN
    Errors on Cygwin
    ld2 on Cygwin
    TEST ON CYGWIN
    File Permissions on Cygwin
    NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
    fork() failures in io_* tests
    Specific features of the Cygwin port
    Script Portability on Cygwin
    Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, cygwin vs. windows process ids, "chown()", Miscellaneous
    Prebuilt methods:
    "Cwd::cwd", "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid", "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid"
    INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
    MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
    Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
    BUGS ON CYGWIN
    AUTHORS
    HISTORY
     

    perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
    Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
    Threaded Perl on DG/UX
    Testing Perl on DG/UX
    Installing the built perl on DG/UX
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
    DJGPP, Pthreads
    Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
    Building Perl on DOS
    Testing Perl on DOS
    Installation of Perl on DOS
    BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
    Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
    Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
    Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
    Building XS Modules on DOS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC

    SYNOPSIS
    INTRODUCTION
    INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
    STARTING PERL ON EPOC
    Editors on Epoc
    Features of Perl on Epoc
    Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
    Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
    SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
    AUTHOR
    LAST UPDATE
     

    perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems

    DESCRIPTION
    FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
    $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
    Perl will no longer be part of base FreeBSD
    AUTHOR
     

    perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems

    DESCRIPTION
    Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
    Using perl from HP's porting centre
    Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
    PA-RISC
    Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
    PA-RISC 1.0
    PA-RISC 1.1
    PA-RISC 2.0
    Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
    Itanium & Itanium 2
    Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
    The HP ANSI C Compiler
    The GNU C Compiler
    Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
    Threaded Perl on HP-UX
    64-bit Perl on HP-UX
    Oracle on HP-UX
    GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
    NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
    perl -P and // and HP-UX
    HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
    nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
    AUTHOR
    DATE
     

    perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd

    DESCRIPTION
    Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
    AUTHOR
     

    perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems

    DESCRIPTION
    Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
    Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
    About Compiler Versions of Irix
    Linker Problems in Irix
    Malloc in Irix
    Building with threads in Irix
    Irix 5.3
    AUTHOR
     

    perllinux, README.linux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems

    DESCRIPTION
    Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
    AUTHOR
     

    perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen systems

    DESCRIPTION
    Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
    Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
    Failures during make test on MachTen
    op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
    Building external modules on MachTen
    AUTHOR
    DATE
     

    perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR
    DATE
     

    perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Installation Prefix
    libperl and Prebinding
    Updating Apple-supplied Perl
    64-bit Perl
    Intel processor support
    Universal binaries
    Known problems
    MacPerl
    Carbon
    Cocoa
    Starting From Scratch
    AUTHOR
    DATE
     

    perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT

    DESCRIPTION
    Known problems with Perl on MiNT
    AUTHOR
     

    perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE

    SYNOPSIS
    NOTE
    Binary distribution from HP
    What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
    Welcome to Perl/iX
    System Requirements for Perl/iX
    How to Obtain Perl/iX
    Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
    README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
    How to Compile Perl/iX
     4,  6
    
    
    Getting Started with Perl/iX
    MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
    Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
    Perl/iX To-Do List
    Perl/iX Change History
    AUTHOR
     

    perlnetware - Perl for NetWare

    DESCRIPTION
    BUILD
    Tools & SDK
    Setup
    SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
    Make
    Interpreter
    Extensions
    INSTALL
    BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    AUTHORS
    DATE
     

    perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems

    DESCRIPTION
    OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with ithreads
    AUTHOR
     

    perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Target
    Other OSes
    Prerequisites
    EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
    Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
    Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
    Frequently asked questions
    It does not work
    I cannot run external programs
    I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my program.
    Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrtdll"?, Did you use ExtUtils::Embed?
    `` and pipe-open do not work under DOS.
    Cannot start find.exe pattern file
    INSTALLATION
    Automatic binary installation
    "PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm
    Manual binary installation
    Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in .INF format, Pdksh
    Warning
    Accessing documentation
    OS/2 .INF file
    Plain text
    Manpages
    HTML
    GNU info files
    PDF files
    LaTeX docs
    BUILD
    The short story
    Prerequisites
    Getting perl source
    Application of the patches
    Hand-editing
    Making
    Testing
    A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, op/fs.t, op/stat.t
    Installing the built perl
    a.out-style build
    Building a binary distribution
    Building custom .EXE files
    Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded extensions
    Making executables with a custom search-paths
    Build FAQ
    Some / became \ in pdksh.
    'errno' - unresolved external
    Problems with tr or sed
    Some problem (forget which ;-)
    Library ... not found
    Segfault in make
    op/sprintf test failure
    Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
    setpriority, getpriority
    system()
    extproc on the first line
    Additional modules:
    Prebuilt methods:
    "File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname", "Cwd::current_drive()",
     "Cwd::sys_chdir(name)",  "Cwd::change_drive(name)""Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)",   "Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)",
    "Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)",   "Cwd::sys_cwd(name)",
    "Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)", "Cwd::extLibpath([type])", "Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )", "OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)", "OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)", OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), "OS2::MorphPM(serve)", "OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)", "OS2::Serve_Messages(force)", "OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])", "OS2::_control87(new,mask)", OS2::get_control87(), "OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)", "OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])"
    Prebuilt variables:
    $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror
    Misfeatures
    Modifications
    "popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat", "mkdir", "rmdir", "flock"
    Identifying DLLs
    Centralized management of resources
    "HAB", "HMQ", Treating errors reported by OS/2 API, "CheckOSError(expr)", "CheckWinError(expr)", "SaveWinError(expr)", "SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)", "WinError_2_Perl_rc", "FillWinError", "FillOSError(rc)", Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
    Perl flavors
    perl.exe
    perl_.exe
    perl__.exe
    perl___.exe
    Why strange names?
    Why dynamic linking?
    Why chimera build?
    ENVIRONMENT
    PERLLIB_PREFIX
    PERL_BADLANG
    PERL_BADFREE
    PERL_SH_DIR
    USE_PERL_FLOCK
    TMP or TEMP
    Evolution
    Text-mode filehandles
    Priorities
    DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
    DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
    Global DLLs, specific DLLs, "BEGINLIBPATH" and "ENDLIBPATH", . from "LIBPATH"
    DLL forwarder generation
    Threading
    Calls to external programs
    Memory allocation
    Threads
    "COND_WAIT", os2.c
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Tools
    Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
    Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
    Configure Perl on OS/390
    Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
    Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
    Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
    Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
    Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
    Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
    Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
    Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
    HISTORY
     

    perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400

    DESCRIPTION
    Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
    Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
    Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
    Known Problems
    Perl on ILE
    AUTHORS
     

    perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Invoking Perl
    What's in Plan 9 Perl
    What's not in Plan 9 Perl
    Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
    Signals in Plan 9 Perl
    COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
    Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
    BUGS
    Revision date
    AUTHOR
     

    perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX

    DESCRIPTION
    Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
    /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
    Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
    QNX auxiliary files
    qnx/ar, qnx/cpp
    Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
    AUTHOR
     

    perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems

    DESCRIPTION
    Solaris Version Numbers.
    RESOURCES
    Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
    SETTING UP
    File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
    Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
    Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
    RUN CONFIGURE.
    64-bit perl on Solaris.
    Threads in perl on Solaris.
    Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
    MAKE PROBLEMS.
    Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error ``No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified'', sh: ar: not found, warning: dead part of constant expression is nonconstant
    MAKE TEST
    op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
    nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
    PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
    RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
    Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
    SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
    SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
    Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
    BSD::Resource on Solaris
    Net::SSLeay on Solaris
    SunOS 4.x
    AUTHOR
     

    perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems

    DESCRIPTION
    Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
    Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
    Threaded Perl on Tru64
    Long Doubles on Tru64
    DB_File tests failing on Tru64
    64-bit Perl on Tru64
    Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
    Testing Perl on Tru64
    ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
    Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
    AUTHOR
     

    perluts - Perl under UTS

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    BUILDING PERL ON UTS
    Installing the built perl on UTS
    AUTHOR
     

    perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
    Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
    Configure Perl on VM/ESA
    Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
    Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
    Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
     

    perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl

    DESCRIPTION
    Installation
    Organization of Perl Images
    Core Images
    Perl Extensions
    Installing static extensions
    Installing dynamic extensions
    File specifications
    Syntax
    Wildcard expansion
    Pipes
    PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
    Command line
    I/O redirection and backgrounding
    Command line switches
    -i, -S, -u
    Perl functions
    File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
    Perl variables
    %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
    Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
    SDBM_File
    Revision date
    AUTHOR
     

    perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS

    SYNOPSIS
    Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
    Stratus POSIX Support
    INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
    Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
    Installing Perl 5 on VOS
    USING PERL IN VOS
    Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
    Restrictions of Perl on VOS
    Handling of underflow and overflow
    TEST STATUS
    SUPPORT STATUS
    AUTHOR
    LAST UPDATE
     

    perlwin32 - Perl under Windows

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Setting Up Perl on Win32
    Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
    Building
    Testing Perl on Win32
    Installation of Perl on Win32
    Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
    Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
    Running Perl Scripts
    Miscellaneous Things
    BUGS AND CAVEATS
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    AUTHORS
    Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>, Jan Dubois <jand@activestate.com>, Steve Hay <steve.hay@uk.radan.com>
    SEE ALSO
    HISTORY
     

    PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION

     

    attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    method, locked
     

    re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    EXPORT
    FUNCTIONS
    share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
    NOTES
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from perl

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();, threads->list();, async BLOCK;
    WARNINGS
    A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
    TODO
    BUGS
    Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
    AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
    SEE ALSO
     

    attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Built-in Attributes
    locked, method, lvalue
    Available Subroutines
    get, reftype
    Package-specific Attribute Handling
    FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES
    Syntax of Attribute Lists
    EXPORTS
    Default exports
    Available exports
    Export tags defined
    EXAMPLES
    SEE ALSO
     

    autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    WARNING
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    DIAGNOSTICS
    Base class package ``%s'' is empty
    HISTORY
    CAVEATS
    SEE ALSO
     

    bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Options
    a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
    Math Library
    Internal Format
    Sign
    Methods
    Caveat
    MODULES USED
    EXAMPLES
    LICENSE
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHORS
     

    bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Options
    a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
    Methods
    Caveat
    inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
    MATH LIBRARY
    INTERNAL FORMAT
    SIGN
    MODULES USED
    EXAMPLES
    LICENSE
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHORS
     

    bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Modules Used
    Math Library
    Sign
    Methods
    Cavaet
    Options
    a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
    EXAMPLES
            perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
            perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
            perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
            perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'       
            perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
    
    
    LICENSE
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHORS
     

    blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    LIMITATIONS
    SEE ALSO
     

    charnames - define character names for \N{named} string literal escapes

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
    CUSTOM ALIASES
    Anonymous hashes
    Alias file
    Alias shortcut
    charnames::viacode(code)
    charnames::vianame(name)
    ALIASES
    ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
    BUGS
     

    constant - Perl pragma to declare constants

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    NOTES
    List constants
    Defining multiple constants at once
    Magic constants
    TECHNICAL NOTES
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    COPYRIGHT
     

    diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    The diagnostics Pragma
    The splain Program
    EXAMPLES
    INTERNALS
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8

    SYNOPSIS
    ABSTRACT
    Literal Conversions
    PerlIO layers for STD(IN|OUT)
    Implicit upgrading for byte strings
    FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
    ``NON-EUC'' doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
    USAGE
    use encoding [ENCNAME] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENCNAME_IN ...] ;, use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;, no encoding;
    The Filter Option
    Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
    CAVEATS
    NOT SCOPED
    DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
    tr/// with ranges
    Legend of characters above
    EXAMPLE - Greekperl
    KNOWN PROBLEMS
    literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
    The Logic of :locale
    HISTORY
    SEE ALSO
     

    fields - compile-time class fields

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    new, phash
    SEE ALSO
     

    filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    subpragma access
     

    if - use a Perl module if a condition holds

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    lib - manipulate @INC at compile time

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Adding directories to @INC
    Deleting directories from @INC
    Restoring original @INC
    CAVEATS
    NOTES
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
    IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
    SEE ALSO
     

    ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    SEE ALSO
     

    overload - Package for overloading Perl operations

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Declaration of overloaded functions
    Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
    FALSE, TRUE, "undef"
    Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
    Calling Conventions for Mutators
    "++" and "--", "x=" and other assignment versions
    Overloadable Operations
    Arithmetic operations, Comparison operations, Bit operations, Increment and decrement, Transcendental functions, Boolean, string and numeric conversion, Iteration, Dereferencing, Special
    Inheritance and overloading
    Strings as values of "use overload" directive, Overloading of an operation is inherited by derived classes
    SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR use overload
    Last Resort
    Fallback
    "undef", TRUE, defined, but FALSE
    Copy Constructor
    Example
    MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
    Assignment forms of arithmetic operations, Conversion operations, Increment and decrement, "abs($a)", Unary minus, Negation, Concatenation, Comparison operations, Iterator, Dereferencing, Copy operator
    Losing overloading
    Run-time Overloading
    Public functions
    overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
    Overloading constants
    integer, float, binary, q, qr
    IMPLEMENTATION
    Metaphor clash
    Cookbook
    Two-face scalars
    Two-face references
    Symbolic calculator
    Really symbolic calculator
    AUTHOR
    DIAGNOSTICS
    Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable type, `%s' is not a code reference
    BUGS
     

    sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OPTIONS
    SIGNAL HANDLERS
    stack-trace, die, handler your-handler
    SIGNAL LISTS
    normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals
    OTHER
    untrapped, any, signal, number
    EXAMPLES
     

    sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    CAVEATS
     

    strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    "strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"
    HISTORY
     

    subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    EXPORT
    FUNCTIONS
    share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
    NOTES
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Utility functions
    $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag = utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    "vmsish status", "vmsish exit", "vmsish time", "vmsish hushed"
     

    warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), warnings::warnif($object, $message)
     

    warnings::register - warnings import function

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    MODULE DOCUMENTATION

     

    AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    DBM Comparisons
    [0], [1], [2], [3]
    SEE ALSO
     

    Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers

    VERSION
    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
    Typed lexicals
    Type-specific attribute handlers
    Non-interpretive attribute handlers
    Phase-specific attribute handlers
    Attributes as tie interfaces
    EXAMPLES
    DIAGNOSTICS
    "Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)", "Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s attributes", "Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with future reserved word", "Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine", "Can't autotie a %s", "Internal error: %s symbol went missing", "Won't be able to apply END handler"
    AUTHOR
    BUGS
    COPYRIGHT
     

    AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Subroutine Stubs
    Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
    Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
    Package Lexicals
    Not Using AutoLoader
    AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
    CAVEATS
    SEE ALSO
     

    AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    $keep, $check, $modtime
    Multiple packages
    DIAGNOSTICS
     

    B - The Perl Compiler

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OVERVIEW
    Utility Functions
    Functions Returning B::SV, B::AV, B::HV, and B::CV objects
    sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av, check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
    Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
    walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
    Functions Returning B::OP objects or for walking op trees
    main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
    Miscellaneous Utility Functions
    ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
    OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
    SV-RELATED CLASSES
    B::SV Methods
    REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
    B::IV Methods
    IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
    B::NV Methods
    NV, NVX
    B::RV Methods
    RV
    B::PV Methods
    PV, RV, PVX
    B::PVMG Methods
    MAGIC, SvSTASH
    B::MAGIC Methods
    MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
    B::PVLV Methods
    TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
    B::BM Methods
    USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
    B::GV Methods
    is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
    B::IO Methods
    LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
    B::AV Methods
    FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS
    B::CV Methods
    STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
    B::HV Methods
    FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
    OP-RELATED CLASSES
    B::OP Methods
    next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, static, flags, private, spare
    B::UNOP METHOD
    first
    B::BINOP METHOD
    last
    B::LOGOP METHOD
    other
    B::LISTOP METHOD
    children
    B::PMOP Methods
    pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags, pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
    B::SVOP METHOD
    sv, gv
    B::PADOP METHOD
    padix
    B::PVOP METHOD
    pv
    B::LOOP Methods
    redoop, nextop, lastop
    B::COP Methods
    label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate bytecode

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHORS
     

    B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Functions
    find_leaders
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    EXAMPLE
    OPTIONS
    -b, -H, -k, -ooutfile, -s
    KNOWN BUGS
    NOTICE
    AUTHORS
     

    B::C - Perl compiler's C backend

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OPTIONS
    -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -D, -Do, -Dc, -DA, -DC, -DM, -f, -fcog, -fsave-data, -fppaddr, -fwarn-sv, -fuse-script-name, -fsave-sig-hash, -On, -O0, -O1, -O2, -llimit
    EXAMPLES
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OPTIONS
    -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -mModulename, -D, -Dr, -DO, -Ds, -Dp, -Dq, -Dl, -Dt, -f, -ffreetmps-each-bblock, -ffreetmps-each-loop, -fomit-taint, -On
    EXAMPLES
    BUGS
    DIFFERENCES
    Loops
    Context of ..
    Arithmetic
    Deprecated features
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    EXAMPLE
    OPTIONS
    Options for Opcode Ordering
    -basic, -exec, -tree
    Options for Line-Style
    -concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env
    Options for tree-specific formatting
    -compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii
    Options controlling sequence numbering
    -basen, -bigendian, -littleendian
    Other options
    -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner, -banneris => subref
    Option Stickiness
    ABBREVIATIONS
    OP class abbreviations
    OP flags abbreviations
    FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
    Special Patterns
    (x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*), (?(text1#varText2)?), ~
    # Variables
    #var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel, #exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hyphseq, #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr, #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #opt, #static, #sibaddr, #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife, #typenum
    Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
    Example: Altering Concise Renderings
    set_style()
    set_style_standard($name)
    add_style()
    add_callback()
    Running B::Concise::compile()
    B::Concise::reset_sequence()
    Errors
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OPTIONS
    -d, -fFILE, -l, -p, -P, -q, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING., -xLEVEL
    USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
    Synopsis
    Description
    new
    ambient_pragmas
    strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
    coderef2text
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Lint - Perl lint

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
    context, implicit-read and implicit-write, bare-subs, dollar-underscore, private-names, undefined-subs, regexp-variables, all, none
    NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
    -u Package
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    CONVENTIONS
    IMPLEMENTATION
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    EXAMPLES
    OPTIONS
    SEE ALSO
    TODO
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded

     

    B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR
     

    B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OPTIONS
    "-oFILENAME", "-r", "-d", "-D[tO]"
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Functions
    find_leaders
    AUTHOR
     

    Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Methods
    new, debug, iters
    Standard Exports
    timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
    Optional Exports
    clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
    :hireswallclock
    NOTES
    EXAMPLES
    INHERITANCE
    CAVEATS
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHORS
    MODIFICATION HISTORY
     

    ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    EXAMPLE
    OPTIONS
    -b, -H, -k, -ooutfile, -s
    KNOWN BUGS
    NOTICE
    AUTHORS
     

    CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class

    SYNOPSIS
    ABSTRACT
    DESCRIPTION
    PROGRAMMING STYLE
    CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
    CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
    CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
    FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
    FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
    FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
    SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
    APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
    IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
    DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
    DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
    HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
    DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
    FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
    SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
    RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
    USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
    :cgi, :form, :html2, :html3, :html4, :netscape, :html, :standard, :all
    PRAGMAS
    -any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles
    SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
    1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates a </ul> tag)
    GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
    CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
    GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
    CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
    Parameters:, 4, 5, 6..
    ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
    CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
    OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
    -absolute, -relative, -full, -path (-path_info), -query (-query_string), -base, -rewrite
    MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
    CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
    PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
    THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
    HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
    NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
    AUTOESCAPING HTML
    $escaped_string = escapeHTML(``unescaped string'');, $charset = charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
    PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
    CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
    CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
    STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
    application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data
    FORM ELEMENTS
    -name, -value, -values, -tabindex, -id, -override, -onChange, -onFocus, -onBlur, -onMouseOver, -onMouseOut, -onSelect
    CREATING A TEXT FIELD
    Parameters
    CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
    CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
    CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
    Parameters
    CREATING A POPUP MENU
    CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
    CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
    Parameters:
    CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
    Parameters:
    CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
    Parameters:
    CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
    Parameters:
    CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
    Parameters:
    CREATING A RESET BUTTON
    CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
    CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
    Parameters:
    CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
    Parameters:, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
    CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
    HTTP COOKIES
    1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a ``secure'' flag, -name, -value, -path, -domain, -expires, -secure
    WORKING WITH FRAMES
    1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in the <form> tag
    SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
    onLoad, onUnload, onSubmit, onClick, onChange, onFocus, onBlur, onSelect, onMouseOver, onMouseOut
    LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
    DEBUGGING
    DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
    FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
    Accept(), raw_cookie(), user_agent(), path_info(), path_translated(), remote_host(), script_name() Return the script name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, referer(), auth_type (), server_name (), virtual_host (), server_port (), virtual_port (), server_software (), remote_user (), user_name (), request_method(), content_type(), http(), https()
    USING NPH SCRIPTS
    In the use statement, By calling the nph() method:, By using -nph parameters
    Server Push
    multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
    Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
    $CGI::POST_MAX, $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS, 1. On a script-by-script basis, 2. Globally for all scripts
    COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
    AUTHOR INFORMATION
    CREDITS
    Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many more..
    A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm

    SYNOPSIS
    ABSTRACT
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR INFORMATION
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
    MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
    Changing the default message
    MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
    OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
    AUTHORS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    USING CGI::Cookie
    1. expiration date, 2. domain, 3. path, 4. secure flag
    Creating New Cookies
    Sending the Cookie to the Browser
    Recovering Previous Cookies
    Manipulating Cookies
    name(), value(), domain(), path(), expires()
    AUTHOR INFORMATION
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
    WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
    INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
    USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
    EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
    FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
    CAVEATS
    AUTHOR INFORMATION
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Tags that won't be formatted
    Customizing the Indenting
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    USING CGI::Push
    -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
    Heterogeneous Pages
    Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
    INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
    AUTHOR INFORMATION
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch

    SYNOPSIS
    ABSTRACT
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR INFORMATION
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    AUTHOR INFORMATION
    SEE ALSO
     

    CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites

    SYNOPSIS
    STATUS
    DESCRIPTION
    Interactive Mode
    Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, install, clean  modules or distributions, get, readme, perldoc, look module
    or distribution, ls author, ls globbing_expresion, Signals
    CPAN::Shell
    autobundle
    recompile
    The four CPAN::* Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
    Programmer's interface
    expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
    Methods in the other Classes
    CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(), CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
    Cache Manager
    Bundles
    Prerequisites
    Finding packages and VERSION
    Debugging
    Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
    CONFIGURATION
    "o conf <scalar option>", "o conf <scalar option> <value>", "o conf <list option>", "o conf <list option> [shift|pop]", "o conf <list option> [unshift|push|splice] <list>"
    Note on urllist parameter's format
    urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
    SECURITY
    Cryptographically signed modules
    EXPORT
    POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
    WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
    Three basic types of firewalls
    http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
    Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
    FAQ
    1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11)
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    TRANSLATIONS
    SEE ALSO
     

    CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    SEE ALSO
     

    Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Forcing a Stack Trace
    GLOBAL VARIABLES
    $Carp::CarpLevel
    $Carp::MaxEvalLen
    $Carp::MaxArgLen
    $Carp::MaxArgNums
    $Carp::Verbose
    BUGS
     

    Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside

     

    Class::ISA --- report the search path for a class's ISA tree

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    FUNCTIONS
    the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
    CAUTIONARY NOTES
    COPYRIGHT
    AUTHOR
     

    Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    The struct() function
    Class Creation at Compile Time
    Element Types and Accessor Methods
    Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'), Class ('Class_Name' or '*Class_Name')
    Initializing with new
    EXAMPLES
    Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
    Author and Modification History
     

    Config - access Perl configuration information

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
    EXAMPLE
    WARNING
    GLOSSARY
    _
    "_a", "_exe", "_o"
    a
    "afs", "afsroot", "alignbytes", "ansi2knr", "aphostname", "api_revision", "api_subversion", "api_version", "api_versionstring", "ar", "archlib", "archlibexp", "archname64", "archname", "archobjs", "asctime_r_proto", "awk"
    b
    "baserev", "bash", "bin", "binexp", "bison", "byacc", "byteorder"
    c
    "c", "castflags", "cat", "cc", "cccdlflags", "ccdlflags", "ccflags", "ccflags_uselargefiles", "ccname", "ccsymbols", "ccversion", "cf_by", "cf_email", "cf_time", "charsize", "chgrp", "chmod", "chown", "clocktype", "comm", "compress", "contains", "cp", "cpio", "cpp", "cpp_stuff", "cppccsymbols", "cppflags", "cpplast", "cppminus", "cpprun", "cppstdin", "cppsymbols", "crypt_r_proto", "cryptlib", "csh", "ctermid_r_proto", "ctime_r_proto"
    d
    "d__fwalk", "d_access", "d_accessx", "d_aintl", "d_alarm", "d_archlib", "d_asctime_r", "d_atolf", "d_atoll", "d_attribute_format", "d_attribute_malloc", "d_attribute_nonnull", "d_attribute_noreturn", "d_attribute_pure", "d_attribute_unused", "d_attribute_warn_unused_result", "d_bcmp", "d_bcopy", "d_bsd", "d_bsdgetpgrp", "d_bsdsetpgrp", "d_bzero", "d_casti32", "d_castneg", "d_charvspr", "d_chown", "d_chroot", "d_chsize", "d_class", "d_clearenv", "d_closedir", "d_cmsghdr_s", "d_const", "d_copysignl", "d_crypt", "d_crypt_r", "d_csh", "d_ctermid_r", "d_ctime_r", "d_cuserid", "d_dbl_dig", "d_dbminitproto", "d_difftime", "d_dirfd", "d_dirnamlen", "d_dlerror", "d_dlopen", "d_dlsymun", "d_dosuid", "d_drand48_r", "d_drand48proto", "d_dup2", "d_eaccess", "d_endgrent", "d_endgrent_r", "d_endhent", "d_endhostent_r", "d_endnent", "d_endnetent_r", "d_endpent", "d_endprotoent_r", "d_endpwent", "d_endpwent_r", "d_endsent", "d_endservent_r", "d_eofnblk", "d_eunice", "d_faststdio", "d_fchdir", "d_fchmod", "d_fchown", "d_fcntl", "d_fcntl_can_lock", "d_fd_macros", "d_fd_set", "d_fds_bits", "d_fgetpos", "d_finite", "d_finitel", "d_flexfnam", "d_flock", "d_flockproto", "d_fork", "d_fp_class", "d_fpathconf", "d_fpclass", "d_fpclassify", "d_fpclassl", "d_fpos64_t", "d_frexpl", "d_fs_data_s", "d_fseeko", "d_fsetpos", "d_fstatfs", "d_fstatvfs", "d_fsync", "d_ftello", "d_ftime", "d_futimes", "d_Gconvert", "d_getcwd", "d_getespwnam", "d_getfsstat", "d_getgrent", "d_getgrent_r", "d_getgrgid_r", "d_getgrnam_r", "d_getgrps", "d_gethbyaddr", "d_gethbyname", "d_gethent", "d_gethname", "d_gethostbyaddr_r", "d_gethostbyname_r", "d_gethostent_r", "d_gethostprotos", "d_getitimer", "d_getlogin", "d_getlogin_r", "d_getmnt", "d_getmntent", "d_getnbyaddr", "d_getnbyname", "d_getnent", "d_getnetbyaddr_r", "d_getnetbyname_r", "d_getnetent_r", "d_getnetprotos", "d_getpagsz", "d_getpbyname", "d_getpbynumber", "d_getpent", "d_getpgid", "d_getpgrp2", "d_getpgrp", "d_getppid", "d_getprior", "d_getprotobyname_r", "d_getprotobynumber_r", "d_getprotoent_r", "d_getprotoprotos", "d_getprpwnam", "d_getpwent", "d_getpwent_r", "d_getpwnam_r", "d_getpwuid_r", "d_getsbyname", "d_getsbyport", "d_getsent", "d_getservbyname_r", "d_getservbyport_r", "d_getservent_r", "d_getservprotos", "d_getspnam", "d_getspnam_r", "d_gettimeod", "d_gmtime_r", "d_gnulibc", "d_grpasswd", "d_hasmntopt", "d_htonl", "d_ilogbl", "d_index", "d_inetaton", "d_int64_t", "d_isascii", "d_isfinite", "d_isinf", "d_isnan", "d_isnanl", "d_killpg", "d_lchown", "d_ldbl_dig", "d_link", "d_localtime_r", "d_locconv", "d_lockf", "d_longdbl", "d_longlong", "d_lseekproto", "d_lstat", "d_madvise", "d_malloc_size", "d_malloc_good_size", "d_mblen", "d_mbstowcs", "d_mbtowc", "d_memchr", "d_memcmp", "d_memcpy", "d_memmove", "d_memset", "d_mkdir", "d_mkdtemp", "d_mkfifo", "d_mkstemp", "d_mkstemps", "d_mktime", "d_mmap", "d_modfl", "d_modfl_pow32_bug", "d_modflproto", "d_mprotect", "d_msg", "d_msg_ctrunc", "d_msg_dontroute", "d_msg_oob", "d_msg_peek", "d_msg_proxy", "d_msgctl", "d_msgget", "d_msghdr_s", "d_msgrcv", "d_msgsnd", "d_msync", "d_munmap", "d_mymalloc", "d_nanosleep", "d_nice", "d_nl_langinfo", "d_nv_preserves_uv", "d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero", "d_off64_t", "d_old_pthread_create_joinable", "d_oldpthreads", "d_oldsock", "d_open3", "d_pathconf", "d_pause", "d_perl_otherlibdirs", "d_phostname", "d_pipe", "d_poll", "d_portable", "d_PRId64", "d_PRIeldbl", "d_PRIEUldbl", "d_PRIfldbl", "d_PRIFUldbl", "d_PRIgldbl", "d_PRIGUldbl", "d_PRIi64", "d_PRIo64", "d_PRIu64", "d_PRIx64", "d_PRIXU64", "d_procselfexe", "d_pthread_atfork", "d_pthread_attr_setscope", "d_pthread_yield", "d_pwage", "d_pwchange", "d_pwclass", "d_pwcomment", "d_pwexpire", "d_pwgecos", "d_pwpasswd", "d_pwquota", "d_qgcvt", "d_quad", "d_random_r", "d_readdir64_r", "d_readdir", "d_readdir_r", "d_readlink", "d_readv", "d_recvmsg", "d_rename", "d_rewinddir", "d_rmdir", "d_safebcpy", "d_safemcpy", "d_sanemcmp", "d_sbrkproto", "d_scalbnl", "d_sched_yield", "d_scm_rights", "d_SCNfldbl", "d_seekdir", "d_select", "d_sem", "d_semctl", "d_semctl_semid_ds", "d_semctl_semun", "d_semget", "d_semop", "d_sendmsg", "d_setegid", "d_seteuid", "d_setgrent", "d_setgrent_r", "d_setgrps", "d_sethent", "d_sethostent_r", "d_setitimer", "d_setlinebuf", "d_setlocale", "d_setlocale_r", "d_setnent", "d_setnetent_r", "d_setpent", "d_setpgid", "d_setpgrp2", "d_setpgrp", "d_setprior", "d_setproctitle", "d_setprotoent_r", "d_setpwent", "d_setpwent_r", "d_setregid", "d_setresgid", "d_setresuid", "d_setreuid", "d_setrgid", "d_setruid", "d_setsent", "d_setservent_r", "d_setsid", "d_setvbuf", "d_sfio", "d_shm", "d_shmat", "d_shmatprototype", "d_shmctl", "d_shmdt", "d_shmget", "d_sigaction", "d_sigprocmask", "d_sigsetjmp", "d_sockatmark", "d_sockatmarkproto", "d_socket", "d_socklen_t", "d_sockpair", "d_socks5_init", "d_sprintf_returns_strlen", "d_sqrtl", "d_srand48_r", "d_srandom_r", "d_sresgproto", "d_sresuproto", "d_statblks", "d_statfs_f_flags", "d_statfs_s", "d_statvfs", "d_stdio_cnt_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt", "d_stdio_stream_array", "d_stdiobase", "d_stdstdio", "d_strchr", "d_strcoll", "d_strctcpy", "d_strerrm", "d_strerror", "d_strerror_r", "d_strftime", "d_strlcat", "d_strlcpy", "d_strtod", "d_strtol", "d_strtold", "d_strtoll", "d_strtoq", "d_strtoul", "d_strtoull", "d_strtouq", "d_strxfrm", "d_suidsafe", "d_symlink", "d_syscall", "d_syscallproto", "d_sysconf", "d_sysernlst", "d_syserrlst", "d_system", "d_tcgetpgrp", "d_tcsetpgrp", "d_telldir", "d_telldirproto", "d_time", "d_times", "d_tm_tm_gmtoff", "d_tm_tm_zone", "d_tmpnam_r", "d_truncate", "d_ttyname_r", "d_tzname", "d_u32align", "d_ualarm", "d_umask", "d_uname", "d_union_semun", "d_unordered", "d_unsetenv", "d_usleep", "d_usleepproto", "d_ustat", "d_vendorarch", "d_vendorbin", "d_vendorlib", "d_vendorscript", "d_vfork", "d_void_closedir", "d_voidsig", "d_voidtty", "d_volatile", "d_vprintf", "d_wait4", "d_waitpid", "d_wcstombs", "d_wctomb", "d_writev", "d_xenix", "date", "db_hashtype", "db_prefixtype", "db_version_major", "db_version_minor", "db_version_patch", "defvoidused", "direntrytype", "dlext", "dlsrc", "doublesize", "drand01", "drand48_r_proto", "dynamic_ext"
    e
    "eagain", "ebcdic", "echo", "egrep", "emacs", "endgrent_r_proto", "endhostent_r_proto", "endnetent_r_proto", "endprotoent_r_proto", "endpwent_r_proto", "endservent_r_proto", "eunicefix", "exe_ext", "expr", "extensions", "extras"
    f
    "fflushall", "fflushNULL", "find", "firstmakefile", "flex", "fpossize", "fpostype", "freetype", "from", "full_ar", "full_csh", "full_sed"
    g
    "gccansipedantic", "gccosandvers", "gccversion", "getgrent_r_proto", "getgrgid_r_proto", "getgrnam_r_proto", "gethostbyaddr_r_proto", "gethostbyname_r_proto", "gethostent_r_proto", "getlogin_r_proto", "getnetbyaddr_r_proto", "getnetbyname_r_proto", "getnetent_r_proto", "getprotobyname_r_proto", "getprotobynumber_r_proto", "getprotoent_r_proto", "getpwent_r_proto", "getpwnam_r_proto", "getpwuid_r_proto", "getservbyname_r_proto", "getservbyport_r_proto", "getservent_r_proto", "getspnam_r_proto", "gidformat", "gidsign", "gidsize", "gidtype", "glibpth", "gmake", "gmtime_r_proto", "gnulibc_version", "grep", "groupcat", "groupstype", "gzip"
    h
    "h_fcntl", "h_sysfile", "hint", "hostcat", "html1dir", "html1direxp", "html3dir", "html3direxp"
    i
    "i16size", "i16type", "i32size", "i32type", "i64size", "i64type", "i8size", "i8type", "i_arpainet", "i_bsdioctl", "i_crypt", "i_db", "i_dbm", "i_dirent", "i_dld", "i_dlfcn", "i_fcntl", "i_float", "i_fp", "i_fp_class", "i_gdbm", "i_grp", "i_ieeefp", "i_inttypes", "i_langinfo", "i_libutil", "i_limits", "i_locale", "i_machcthr", "i_malloc", "i_math", "i_memory", "i_mntent", "i_ndbm", "i_netdb", "i_neterrno", "i_netinettcp", "i_niin", "i_poll", "i_prot", "i_pthread", "i_pwd", "i_rpcsvcdbm", "i_sfio", "i_sgtty", "i_shadow", "i_socks", "i_stdarg", "i_stddef", "i_stdlib", "i_string", "i_sunmath", "i_sysaccess", "i_sysdir", "i_sysfile", "i_sysfilio", "i_sysin", "i_sysioctl", "i_syslog", "i_sysmman", "i_sysmode", "i_sysmount", "i_sysndir", "i_sysparam", "i_sysresrc", "i_syssecrt", "i_sysselct", "i_syssockio", "i_sysstat", "i_sysstatfs", "i_sysstatvfs", "i_systime", "i_systimek", "i_systimes", "i_systypes", "i_sysuio", "i_sysun", "i_sysutsname", "i_sysvfs", "i_syswait", "i_termio", "i_termios", "i_time", "i_unistd", "i_ustat", "i_utime", "i_values", "i_varargs", "i_varhdr", "i_vfork", "ignore_versioned_solibs", "inc_version_list", "inc_version_list_init", "incpath", "inews", "installarchlib", "installbin", "installhtml1dir", "installhtml3dir", "installman1dir", "installman3dir", "installprefix", "installprefixexp", "installprivlib", "installscript", "installsitearch", "installsitebin", "installsitehtml1dir", "installsitehtml3dir", "installsitelib", "installsiteman1dir", "installsiteman3dir", "installsitescript", "installstyle", "installusrbinperl", "installvendorarch", "installvendorbin", "installvendorhtml1dir", "installvendorhtml3dir", "installvendorlib", "installvendorman1dir", "installvendorman3dir", "installvendorscript", "intsize", "issymlink", "ivdformat", "ivsize", "ivtype"
    k
    "known_extensions", "ksh"
    l
    "ld", "lddlflags", "ldflags", "ldflags_uselargefiles", "ldlibpthname", "less", "lib_ext", "libc", "libperl", "libpth", "libs", "libsdirs", "libsfiles", "libsfound", "libspath", "libswanted", "libswanted_uselargefiles", "line", "lint", "lkflags", "ln", "lns", "localtime_r_proto", "locincpth", "loclibpth", "longdblsize", "longlongsize", "longsize", "lp", "lpr", "ls", "lseeksize", "lseektype"
    m
    "mail", "mailx", "make", "make_set_make", "mallocobj", "mallocsrc", "malloctype", "man1dir", "man1direxp", "man1ext", "man3dir", "man3direxp", "man3ext"
    M
    "Mcc", "mips_type", "mistrustnm", "mkdir", "mmaptype", "modetype", "more", "multiarch", "mv", "myarchname", "mydomain", "myhostname", "myuname"
    n
    "n", "need_va_copy", "netdb_hlen_type", "netdb_host_type", "netdb_name_type", "netdb_net_type", "nm", "nm_opt", "nm_so_opt", "nonxs_ext", "nroff", "nv_preserves_uv_bits", "nveformat", "nvEUformat", "nvfformat", "nvFUformat", "nvgformat", "nvGUformat", "nvsize", "nvtype"
    o
    "o_nonblock", "obj_ext", "old_pthread_create_joinable", "optimize", "orderlib", "osname", "osvers", "otherlibdirs"
    p
    "package", "pager", "passcat", "patchlevel", "path_sep", "perl5", "perl", "perl_patchlevel"
    P
    "PERL_REVISION", "PERL_SUBVERSION", "PERL_VERSION", "perladmin", "perllibs", "perlpath", "pg", "phostname", "pidtype", "plibpth", "pmake", "pr", "prefix", "prefixexp", "privlib", "privlibexp", "procselfexe", "prototype", "ptrsize"
    q
    "quadkind", "quadtype"
    r
    "randbits", "randfunc", "random_r_proto", "randseedtype", "ranlib", "rd_nodata", "readdir64_r_proto", "readdir_r_proto", "revision", "rm", "rmail", "run", "runnm"
    s
    "sched_yield", "scriptdir", "scriptdirexp", "sed", "seedfunc", "selectminbits", "selecttype", "sendmail", "setgrent_r_proto", "sethostent_r_proto", "setlocale_r_proto", "setnetent_r_proto", "setprotoent_r_proto", "setpwent_r_proto", "setservent_r_proto", "sh", "shar", "sharpbang", "shmattype", "shortsize", "shrpenv", "shsharp", "sig_count", "sig_name", "sig_name_init", "sig_num", "sig_num_init", "sig_size", "signal_t", "sitearch", "sitearchexp", "sitebin", "sitebinexp", "sitehtml1dir", "sitehtml1direxp", "sitehtml3dir", "sitehtml3direxp", "sitelib", "sitelib_stem", "sitelibexp", "siteman1dir", "siteman1direxp", "siteman3dir", "siteman3direxp", "siteprefix", "siteprefixexp", "sitescript", "sitescriptexp", "sizesize", "sizetype", "sleep", "smail", "so", "sockethdr", "socketlib", "socksizetype", "sort", "spackage", "spitshell", "sPRId64", "sPRIeldbl", "sPRIEUldbl", "sPRIfldbl", "sPRIFUldbl", "sPRIgldbl", "sPRIGUldbl", "sPRIi64", "sPRIo64", "sPRIu64", "sPRIx64", "sPRIXU64", "srand48_r_proto", "srandom_r_proto", "src", "sSCNfldbl", "ssizetype", "startperl", "startsh", "static_ext", "stdchar", "stdio_base", "stdio_bufsiz", "stdio_cnt", "stdio_filbuf", "stdio_ptr", "stdio_stream_array", "strerror_r_proto", "strings", "submit", "subversion", "sysman"
    t
    "tail", "tar", "targetarch", "tbl", "tee", "test", "timeincl", "timetype", "tmpnam_r_proto", "to", "touch", "tr", "trnl", "troff", "ttyname_r_proto"
    u
    "u16size", "u16type", "u32size", "u32type", "u64size", "u64type", "u8size", "u8type", "uidformat", "uidsign", "uidsize", "uidtype", "uname", "uniq", "uquadtype", "use5005threads", "use64bitall", "use64bitint", "usecrosscompile", "usedl", "usefaststdio", "useithreads", "uselargefiles", "uselongdouble", "usemallocwrap", "usemorebits", "usemultiplicity", "usemymalloc", "usenm", "useopcode", "useperlio", "useposix", "usereentrant", "usesfio", "useshrplib", "usesocks", "usethreads", "usevendorprefix", "usevfork", "usrinc", "uuname", "uvoformat", "uvsize", "uvtype", "uvuformat", "uvxformat", "uvXUformat"
    v
    "vendorarch", "vendorarchexp", "vendorbin", "vendorbinexp", "vendorhtml1dir", "vendorhtml1direxp", "vendorhtml3dir", "vendorhtml3direxp", "vendorlib", "vendorlib_stem", "vendorlibexp", "vendorman1dir", "vendorman1direxp", "vendorman3dir", "vendorman3direxp", "vendorprefix", "vendorprefixexp", "vendorscript", "vendorscriptexp", "version", "version_patchlevel_string", "versiononly", "vi", "voidflags"
    x
    "xlibpth"
    y
    "yacc", "yaccflags"
    z
    "zcat", "zip"
    NOTE
     

    Cwd - get pathname of current working directory

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    getcwd and friends
    getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
    abs_path and friends
    abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
    $ENV{PWD}
    NOTES
    AUTHOR
    COPYRIGHT
    SEE ALSO
     

    DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, subject to change)

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Global Variables
     $DB::sub,  %DB::sub,  $DB::single,  $DB::signal,  $DB::trace,  @DB::args, 
    @DB::dbline,  %DB::dbline,  $DB::package,  $DB::filename,  $DB::subname, 
    $DB::lineno
    
    
    API Methods
    CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
    Client Callback Methods
    CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), CLIENT->output(LIST)
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
     

    DBM_Filter --- Filter DBM keys/values

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    What is a DBM Filter?
    So what's new?
    METHODS
    $db->Filter_Push()
    $db->Filter_Key_Push()
    $db->Filter_Value_Push()
    Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
    $db->Filter_Pop()
    $db->Filtered()
    Writing a Filter
    Immediate Filters
    Canned Filters
    ``name'', params
    Filters Included
    utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
    NOTES
    Maintain Round Trip Integrity
    Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
    EXAMPLE
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO
    Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
    Interface to Berkeley DB
    Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
    Default Parameters
    In Memory Databases
    DB_HASH
    A Simple Example
    DB_BTREE
    Changing the BTREE sort order
    Handling Duplicate Keys
    The get_dup() Method
    The find_dup() Method
    The del_dup() Method
    Matching Partial Keys
    DB_RECNO
    The 'bval' Option
    A Simple Example
    Extra RECNO Methods
    $X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift, $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length, $X->splice(offset, length, elements);
    Another Example
    THE API INTERFACE
    $status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status = $X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;
    DBM FILTERS
    filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value
    The Filter
    An Example --- the NULL termination problem.
    Another Example --- Key is a C int.
    HINTS AND TIPS
    Locking: The Trouble with fd
    Safe ways to lock a database
    Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock
    Sharing Databases With C Applications
    The untie() Gotcha
    COMMON QUESTIONS
    Why is there Perl source in my database?
    How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
    What does Invalid Argument mean?
    What does Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed mean?
    REFERENCES
    HISTORY
    BUGS
    AVAILABILITY
    COPYRIGHT
    SEE ALSO
    AUTHOR
     

    Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and eval

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Methods
    PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump or PACKAGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]), $OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset
    Functions
    Dumper(LIST)
    Configuration Variables or Methods
    Exports
    Dumper
    EXAMPLES
    BUGS
    NOTE
    AUTHOR
    VERSION
    SEE ALSO
     

    Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    PROFILE FORMAT
    AUTOLOAD
    ENVIRONMENT
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
     

    Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Why use ppport.h?
    You should use ppport.h in modern code so that your code will work with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant additional work.
    How to use ppport.h
    Running ppport.h
    FUNCTIONS
    WriteFile
    COMPATIBILITY
    Provided Perl compatibility API
    Perl API not supported by ppport.h
    perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004
    BUGS
    AUTHORS
    COPYRIGHT
    SEE ALSO
     

    Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    Runtime debugging
    Memory footprint debugging
    EXAMPLES
    A simple scalar string
    A simple scalar number
    A simple scalar with an extra reference
    A reference to a simple scalar
    A reference to an array
    A reference to a hash
    Dumping a large array or hash
    A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
    A reference to a subroutine
    EXPORTS
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    SEE ALSO
     

    Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
     

    Devel::Size - Perl extension for finding the memory usage of Perl variables

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    FUNCTIONS
    size($ref)
    total_size($ref)
    EXPORT
    UNDERSTANDING MEMORY ALLOCATION
    The C library
    Perl
    DANGERS
    Messages: texts originating from this module.
    Errors
    warnings
    BUGS
    AUTHOR
    COPYRIGHT
    SEE ALSO
     

    Digest - Modules that calculate message digests

    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    binary, hex, base64
    OO INTERFACE
    $ctx = Digest->XXSegmentation fault (core dumped)
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